Presented by

:

KRISHNA KUMAR KESHARI
(2014BT15)
ASHWANI KUMAR (2014BT14)

oxygen.  Confining our attention to those compounds taken up or produced in significant quantity. hydrogen.Introduction  Cell growth obeys the law of conservation of matter.  All atoms of carbon. nitrogen and other elements consumed during growth are incorporated into new cells or excreted as products. we can write the following equation for aerobic cell growth: • Cells + medium + O2 (sometimes) → more cells + product + CO2 + H2O . if the only extracellular products formed are CO2 and H20.

and formulate nutrient medium. it can be used to compare theoretical and actual product yields. . check the consistency of experimental fermentation data.IMPORTANCE  Metabolic stoichiometry (elemental balance) has many applications in bioprocessing: as well as in mass and energy balances.

g.  CHaObNd is the chemical 'formula' for dry biomass. b. y = 6 and z = 0).  a. we can write the following equation to demonstrate the elemental balance :--- CwHxOyNz+ a O2 + b HgOhNi → c CHaObNd + dH2O + eCO2 substrate nitrogen source dry biomass Where  CwHxOyNz is the chemical formula for the substrate (e.  HgOhNi is the chemical formula for the nitrogen source. x = 12. . c. for glucose w = 6. In a very simplistic interpretation of metabolism. d and e are stoichiometric coefficients. .

y+ 2a+ bh = cb + 2d + e z + bi = cd . elemental balances and solution of simultaneous equations  C balance:  H balance:  O balance:  N balance: w=c+e x + bg = ca + 2 e. i.Stoichiometric Calculation  Coefficients can be evaluated using normal procedures for balancing equations.e.

Y (output / input) UNIT . 2 . Biomass Yield from O2 ie.Some basic terms  Yields and yield coefficients. Y(x/s) Y(x/o ) 3. Y(p/s) 2. Product yield from substrate ie. Biomass Yield from substrate ie.g/g 1.

.  A high RQ means that much CO2 is produced and hence the metabolism is operating at high efficiency.Some basic terms  Respiratory quotient RQ =moles CO2 produced /moles O2 consumed = YCO2/O2  Provides information on the metabolic state of the cell.

 The degree of reduction for the substrate.  Degree of reduction for CO2. the number of available electrons is (4w + x.  Therefore.2y .Some basic terms Degree of reduction :  Defined as the number of equivalents of available electrons in that quantity of material containing 1 g atom carbon. .2y . Ys.3z)/w. is therefore = (4w + x .3z). for substrate CwHxOyNz . H2O and NH3 is zero.

Example Q.66O0.27N. Y(x/s).20 represents the biomass.5 substrate is converted into biomass .27N. .43. Production of single-cell protein from hexadecane is described by the following reaction equation: C16H34+ a O2 + b NH3 → c CH1.if 0. determine the stoichiometric coefficients. If RQ= 0. degree of reduction.20 + dH2O + eCO2 where CH1.66O0.

(1)  H balance: 34 + 3b= 1.(2)  O balance: 2a=0. ---------------------------(5) .Solution  C balance: 16 = c+ d -------------------.27 c + 2d + e ------------(3)  N balance: b = 0.66 c + 2e --------.43 = d/a.20 c --------------------(4) RQ: 0.

 a = 12.3.2.13  c = 10. we will find --------------Stoichiometric coefficients.64.Solution  By calculating eq.4 & 5 .37  e = 11.  d = 5. 1. .36.48  b = 2.

is = (4 × 16 + 34) /16 = 6.Solution  Degree of reduction The degree of reduction for the substrate.125 . Ys.

5 × (12 + 1 × 1.20) (12 × 16 + 1 × 34) = 0.27 + 14 × 0. Y(x/s) = g cells produced /g substrate consumed = 0.1028 g/g .Solution  Biomass Yield from substrate ie.66 + 16 × 0.

M.REFERANCES: P. Doran .

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