Part Three

The Internet
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Objectives
Understand what the Internet is and how it works.
Understand what the Word Wide Web (WWW) is and

how it works.
To understand the use of web browser.
To understand how to use the e-mail.
To differentiate between the Internet and WWW.
To differentiate between the Internet and Intranet.
To differentiate between the Intranet and extranet.
To differentiate between the Website and www.
To differentiate between the Website and Intraweb.
To understand what a search engine is and how it
works.
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Internet or the Net

What is the
Internet?
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What is the Internet?

The Internet is a Network of computer

networks linked together worldwide.

It is a public (global) network of
computers based on TCP/IP
(Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
protocol) Set of rules or standards
used by networked computers to
communicate to each other.
What is a network?
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What is the Internet? cont

Internet is transport for information
Computer

networks are linked by either copper

wire,
Fiber optic cables
Wireless connection through satellite
The Internet is a global network of networks.
People and organizations connect onto the
Internet so they can access its massive store of
shared information.
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What is the Internet? cont

The Internet is an fundamentally

participative medium of working with

information.
Anybody can publish information or
create new services.
The Internet is a cooperative endeavour
-- no organization is in charge of the
Net.
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How Do I Connect to the Internet?

Computer
Network Links (connection)

Phone Line, Cables, digital

subscriber line (DSL), Wireless, ...
Modem
Network Software - TCP/IP
Application Software

Operating System,
Web Browser,
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
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Services on the Internet

Some of the services on the Internet include:

World Wide Web

Accessing various websites
E-mail (Electronic Mail)
Exchange of electronic messages
Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
Instant communicating or chatting,

Chat rooms

Newsgroups
E-commerce and e-business
Internet phone calls (Voice over Internet Protocol)VoIP

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Internet cont
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
A company that provides access to the Internet
to individuals or companies. E.g. MTN, UTL
Web Hosting Provider (WHP)
Are companies that allows you a place to keep
your web site on their server so people on the
Internet can view it. E.g. Jolis.net,
Hostingpot.com

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Internet cont

Internet a worldwide network of computers, making information

available to everyone
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Internet cont
On these computers, people have published

information: pages with text and pictures.

These pages are called webpages which are

linked to form websites. There are millions of

websites on internet, with an enormous amounts
of information which you can view and use for
your reading, research or fun!
These websites are accessed through a web

browser
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Web Browser
Web browser is an application software that

enables users to display and interact with

web pages or websites.
It an application software that enables users
to access the Internet through different
websites.
The user can access:

Either on WWW

Or the Intraweb

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Web Browser cont...

Software for

accessing the
web
Examples of
web browser
software

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Features of a Web Browser

Konqueror

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Web Browser cont...

MozillaFirefox

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Features of a Web Browser

Address window or Location window
The uniform resource locator (URL) is the

unique identifier of a web page.

The location window displays the URL of the
current page.
You can go directly to a web page if you know
its URL: click once in the location window
and type it in the URL

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Web Browser cont

Exercise
Open web browser
Type in address bar www.google.com
www.bbc.co.uk
http://home.umu.ac.ug/
http://www.fiuc.org/umu

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What is World Wide Web (www)

World Wide Web (WWW, The Web) is the

interconnection of the websites (documents)

and Internet services (Email, IRC, etc)
Webpage - document on WWW
Website
collection of linked Webpages under common
administration, i.e. One organisation like
Uganda Martyrs University
The starting point for a web site sometimes is
called a home page.

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World Wide Web cont.

Web pages are stored in computers

called web servers.

Any organization can setup a web
server.

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World Wide Web cont.

Intranet
http://home.umu.ac.ug

Website
http://www.fiuc.org/umu
http://www.umu.ac.ug

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UMU Website

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World Wide Web cont.

Website

Collection of web-pages under common

administration
Each website has a unique address

URL Uniform Resource Locator is the

address of a web site.
The global address of a webpage (documents)
and other resources on the World Wide Web.
URLs start wit http:// which stands for hypertext
transfer protocol

Accessed through web browsers

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Internet and www

Differences
Internet

is interconnection of computer
networks
www is the interconnection of websites
Similarities
They are accessed through web browsers
They use the same web technology
Research about the uses of www.
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Intranet
Why does this website looks different from

the one I see when I am at the university?

What is an Intranet?

An Intranet is private computer network

Local Area Network (LAN)

Intranets offer all the benefits of the Internet

but offer them privately
For a particular organisation for example
Uganda Martyrs University

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UMU Intraweb

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Intranet cont
Benefits of the Intranet

Exchange of e-mails with in the organization

Sharing of information
Sharing resources

What do you think are the disadvantages of

the Intranet?

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E-mail
What is an e-mail?

Electronic mail
Communication between two or more parties
Sender and recipient need an email address
<username@domain>
Procedure

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E-mail cont
E-mail language

Inbox - Box for incoming messages

Sent or Outbox outgoing messages
Trash Box for deleted messages
Compose or New Write a new message
Send Send message
Login or Sing in
Logout or Sign out

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Accessing the E-mail

Email Clients - program that lets the user receive and

send electronic messages.

Most email client software allows you to:

Display a list of received messages. Each message
header shows you who sent the mail, the subject line, the
time and date it was sent, and at times, the size of the
message.
Select the message header and read the message.
Create new messages.
Reply to, forward, and delete messages.
"Attach" files (called attachments) to messages you send.
Download the attachment.
Save the attachments you receive.
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Accessing the E-mail cont

How do I access my e-mail (UMU)?

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Accessing the E-mail cont.

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Accessing the E-mail cont

How do I access my e-mail (UMU)?

1 - number of the message; 2 - date and time message arrived;

3 - name of the sender; 4 - subject of the email;
5 - size of the message
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Accessing the E-mail cont.

How do I access my e-mail (Yahoo)?

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Reading and sending a E-mail

cont.
How do I read an e-mail message?

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Accessing the E-mail cont.

Use of Different Buttons
The Stop button stops page loading.
The Reload button fetches a fresh copy of

the page.
If the page is already loaded, the Stop button
freezes the animations.
Go back one page
Go forward one page
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Accessing the E-mail cont.

Go back
one page

Go back
one page

The progress bar

illustrates page load
progress.

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Reading and sending a E-mail cont.

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Attaching a file to E-mail

How do I attach a file to a message?

Use New button as you are sending message

Attachment Click on Browse
Select the file from its Location
Click Open button
Click Add button

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Sending and receiving message

Sending

Specify recipient
Specify subject
Compose message
Send

Receiving email
Go to inbox
Select message

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Sending and receiving message

cont.
Imagine receiving such a message?

The sender of this message is called "Your

Name" and we do not know what the

message is about.
The use of CC
The use of Subject

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Exercise
Send an email to a classmate and CC to

another classmate

Use this address: bam2010@umu.ac.ug

Receive that email

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Searching the Internet

The underlying model is client-server.

A Web server is a program running on a

computer that is set up to serve documents to
other client computers that send requests for
documents.
A Web client is a program that lets the user
request documents from a server. The server
only operates when a document is requested.

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Searching the Internet cont

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Searching the Internet cont

A Web client is usually a Web browser.

Its operation is as follows:

Client connects to a computer specified by a network

address;

This address is called a URL (Uniform Resource

Locator);

Request is sent to the computer's Web server (http

server);

Server responds by sending the text and other media;

The document is in HTML (Hypertext Markup

Language).

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Searching the Internet cont

Using Search Engines
A search engine is a database of resources
that can be searched by keywords.
Alta Vista <www.altavista.com>
Northern Light <www.northernlight.com>
Google <www.google.com>

Type in a keyword e.g. Computer Literacy

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Searching the Internet cont

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Searching the Internet cont

The next screen shows the results: Google

found 7.630.000 websites and shows you the

first ten on this page.
Each result is a link to a website containing
the key word Computer Literacy. Move
your cursor on a link and click to visit that
website.
Use the mouse right button to open a new
tab for each link you want to view or Backbutton to go back to Googles results and
click on another link.
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Searching the Internet cont

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Searching the Internet cont

Hyperlinks What is hyperlinks
Hyperlinks typically appear as highlighted

(underlined and coloured).

When you move the mouse cursor over a
hyperlink, the arrow should change to a
small hand pointing at the link" when you've
found a hyperlink.
Click once to follow a hyperlink.
A hyperlink can be a graphic, a work or set of
words.
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Searching the Internet cont

Scroll down using a mouse or scroll bar on

the right side of the search window the

page to see more links
Google shows a little text from each website.
Google also shows the address of the
website
At the bottom of each page, you can click to
see the next ten results.

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Searching the Internet cont

Select the text or information you have searched.
Copy the information.
Paste the text in the word processor you are using.
Edit, format your test.
Save your text.
Remember to acknowledge the source of the text

under reference.
Example: McKay D. R., (year). ComputerLiteracy-AnImportantSkill.

http://careerplanning.about.com/od/importantskills/a/comp_literacy.htm [Viewed
23rd September, 2010]

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You Can't Get Lost on the Web

Your browser remembers where you've been.
Use the Back and Forward buttons to retrace

your path.
Use the Home button to return to your start
page.
Press and hold down on the Back or
Forward buttons to see the list of web pages
you visited.

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Bookmarks
A bookmark marks your place on the Web.
Press the Bookmark button for the bookmarks

menu.
Select "Add Bookmark" to create a bookmark
for the current page.
Bookmarks stay on the computer where you
make them.
Bookmarks are called favorites or Internet
shortcuts in Internet Explorer
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Review
What is Internet?
What is WWW?
What is a website?
What is a webpage?
What do you understand by an email?
What is an intranet, extranet, intraweb?
What is a web browser?
What is a search engine?
How do you search the Net?
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The Web Adventure Begins

Make sure you keep practice the new skills.

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Class Assignment
Create a File
Type one page of any useful information
Utilise all the basic skills we have so far learnt on

how to work with a word-process and the

KEYBOARD [it will earn you an additional mark]
Save your file using a meaningful filename
Attach it to a message, give a meaningful
subject for your message
Send it to my email address, and
Send a copy to yourself

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Mugerwa Richard