PROJECT

REVIEW ON
PRODUCTION
OF ACROLEIN
K.RAVIRAJ
S.ABDUL RAHAMAN

ACROLEIN
It belongs to ,-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds family

C C

Formula:

C H2=CHCHO

Other Names
2-Propenal, Acrylaldehyde, Propenal, Acrylic aldehyde, prop-2-enal, Allyl aldehyde

INRODUCTION
It is simplest unsaturated aldehyde
Primary characteristic of acrolein is conjugation of carbonyl group with
vinyl group
It is a colourless liquid with a piercing, disagreeable, acrid smell
Highly toxic with lacrimatory properties
It may be formed from the breakdown of certain pollutants in outdoor air
or from the burning of organic matter including tobacco, or fuels such as
gasoline or oil
It is toxic to humans following inhalation, oral or dermal exposures

AIM: To

HISTORY:

The first industrial process was invented by Degussa in1942, produced acrolein
by aldol condensation of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde
HCH=O + CH3CH=O CH2=CHCHO + H2O

The second process that emerged at the end of the1950s was partial
oxidation of propylene
CH3CH=CH2 + [O] CH2=CHCHO + H2O
The Shell Company initiated the gas phase acrolein production by partial
oxidation of propylene in1958
Followed by stand oil of Ohio(SOHIO)which indentified bismuthmolybdateas the
catalyst for an economical and high yield acrolein production

AIM: To

MAIN PROCESSES:
PROPENE OXIDATION:

GLYCEROL ROUTE:

(CH2OH)2CHOH CH2=CHCHO + 2 H2O

SELECTION OF A PROCESS:
Out of two processes propene oxidation is commercially attractive one
BECAUSE
Availability of propene is very high
Economically viable
Development of catalysts with high selectivity
Cheap cost of propene compared to glycerol

PROCESS DESCRIPTION:
Catalytic vapour phase oxidation is generally carried out in fixed bed multi tube
reactor
FEED:
Propene
Steam
Air
CATALYST:
Bismuth molybdate
OPERATING CONDITIONS:
Temperature: 350C
Pressure: 1 atm
The reaction is very exothermic [ heat of propene oxidation is 340 kJ/mol]

Cont

in addition to acrolein other side products are like acrylic acid,

acetaldehyde, acetic acid, carbon monoxide, carbondioxide are formed

Cont
Resulting products from the reactor are separated by series of quench cooler,
Acrolein Absorber, Water Distillation Tower, Acrolein Distillation Tower
Finally acrolein of specified purity is obtaind

Process flow diagram is show below

AIM: To

USES:

AIM: To

BIOCIDE:
Acrolein is mainly used as a contact herbicide to control
submersed and floating weeds, as well as algae, in irrigation
canals
Used as an agent to control growth of microbes in process feed
lines
Currently, It is used to control growth of algae in oil fields
It is also used as a H2S Scavenger

CHEMICAL PRECURSOR
Used in the production of polyacrylate(SAP)
Methionine production [animal growth, very important amino-acid]
Transparent ballistic polymer[1,3 propanediol] production
Poly-trimethylene terephthalate(PTT) production[ThePTT is widely using in
carpet and textilemanufacturing]

THANKYOU