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Group 6
By :
Isrofah Ummi Fadhillah
(13304241046)
Katon Waskito Aji
(13304241069)
Nilam Cahya Nugraheni
(13304241070)
Yustina Bangun Restu W (13304242002)
SUBTOPICS
Organic
Substances
a substance that contains carbon
combined chemically with at least one
other chemical element, excepting
carbonates, cyanides, and cyanates.
Examples : lipids, carbohydrate, proteins
Inorganic
Substances
a substance that do not contain carbon as
the principal element .
Examples : MgCl2, NaOH, HCl, NaCl, etc.
Atoms
Molecules
Atomic number
Types of bonds
Atomic mass
Names of parts
Biologically important
atoms
Nature of Atoms
Matter has mass and occupies space
All matter is composed of atoms
Understanding the structure of atoms is
critical to understanding the nature of
biological molecules
Atomic Structure
Atoms are composed of:
Protons
Positively charged particles
Located in the nucleus
Neutrons
Neutral particles
Located in the nucleus
Electrons
Negatively charged particles
Found in orbitals surrounding the nucleus
Chemical Bonds
Molecule two or more atoms held
together in a stable association
Atoms are held together in molecules by
chemical bonds
1. Ionic
2. Covalent
3. Hydrogen
Ionic bonds
Formed by the attraction of oppositely
charged ions
Gain or loss of electrons forms ions
Na atom loses an electron to become Na+
Cl atom gains an electron to become Cl
Opposite charges attract so that Na+ and
Cl
remain associated as an ionic compound
Covalent bonds
Form when atoms share 2 or more
electrons
Strength of covalent bond depends on the
number of shared electrons
11
12
CARBOHYDRATE
Living
all
(glucose is an example)
sucrose
Polysaccharides
Formed
units
Glycogen - animal starch stored in liver
& muscles
Cellulose - indigestible in humans forms cell walls
Starches - used as energy storage
Dehydration Synthesis
Combining
Polysaccharides
Hydrolysis
Addition
of WATER to a compound to
SPLIT it into smaller subunits
C12H22O11
PROTEIN
Protein
Menurut
Protein
Protein
Peranan protein
Kelompok protein
sederhana
Protein
yang hanya
mengandung asam amino saja.
Ada
Terdiri
Alanin,
STRUKTUR PROTEIN
Struktur primer
merupakan
Struktur sekunder
merupakan
Struktur tersier
Struktur
Struktur kuarterner
Struktur
Level
LIPIDS
What
What
Where
Some
Waxes
Steroids
Phospolipids
Fats
and Oils
Are made from two kinds of mollecules :
glycerol and three fatty acid.
Fats are mostly from animal sources and
oils are mostly from plant sources.
Waxes.....
Steroids....