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System
Tubular
Reabsorption
& Secretion
Objectives
To describe routes & mechanism of
tubular reabsorption & secretion
To describe reabsorption and secretion
processes at specific segments of the
renal tubule & collecting duct
Principles of tubule
reabsorption &
secretion
proximal tubule
- largest contribution in reabsorption
towards distal tubule
- fine tuning of reabsorption process
to maintain homeostatic balance of
H2O & selected ions
secretion of materials from blood &
tubular cells into tubular fluid
Routes of reabsorption
Tubule
lumen
Peritubular
capillaries
(movement of materials
b/w or through tubule cells)
Tight junctions
Apical membrane of tubular cells in
contact with tubular fluid
Basolateral membrane of tubular cells in
contact with interstitial fluid at base &
sides of cells
Routes of reabsorption
Paracellular reabsorption
passive leakage of fluid b/w tubule cells
accounts for up to 50% of reabsorption
Transcellular reabsorption
substance pass through apical
membrane, across cytosol & out into
interstitial fluid through basolateral
membrane
Routes of reabsorption
Transport mechanism
10 active transport
e.g. Na+ transport out of tubular fluid
via
Na+/K+ pump
energy from hydrolysis of ATP
20 active transport
use energy stored in an ions
electrochemical gradient to drive
another substance
across a
membrane
performed by membrane proteins
known as
symporters & antiporters
Water reabsorption
Obligatory H2O reabsorption
(approx.90%)
via osmosis
H2O following solutes that are
reabsorbed
in PCT & descending LOH (presence of
aquaporin 1 molecule)
Facultative H2O reabsorption (approx.
10%)
adapting to needs
antiporter)
Na+ symporters also facilitate complete
electrochemical
Reabsorption at PCT
Reabsorption in the CD
90-95% of H2O & solutes have been
reabsorbed
principal cells reabsorbed Na+ &
secrete K+
intercalated cells reabsorbed K+ /HCO3&
secrete H+
fluid
Hormonal regulation
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
renin secreted by juxtaglomerular cells
when
blood volume and BP & during
sympathetic stimulation
results in production of angiotensin II
(active
hormone) which will
GFR by vasoconstriction of afferent
arteriole
reabsorption of Na+, CL- & H2O in PCT
stimulates release of aldosterone (more
Na+ &
Cl- being reabsorbed hence also
Hormonal regulation
ADH/ Vasopressin
H2O permeability of principal cells of
last part of DCT and CD (which contains
aquaporin 2 molecules)
ADH stimulates insertion of aquaporin
2
molecules into apical membrane
via exocytosis to facilitate H2O
movement
from
into tubule cells then
blood
tubular fluid
rapidly into
Hormonal regulation
volume and BP