NEWTONS LAWS OF

MOTION

FIRST CONDITION OF EQUILIBRIUM

STATIC AND DYNAMIC EQUILIBRIUM
KINDS OF FORCES
FREE-BODY DIAGRAMS
SUGGESTED STEPS IN SOLVING PROBLEMS

NEWTONS LAWS OF
MOTION
NEWTONS FIRST LAW
An object sitting at rest will remain at rest
if the sum of all forces acting on the object is
zero. Similarly, if an object is moving and the
sum of the forces acting on the object is zero,
then the object will continue to move in the
same direction with same speed, therefore, in
Equilibrium.

F = 0

First Condition of
Equilibrium

The body or system at this condition remains

at rest or moves in a straight line with
constant velocity. (Translational Equilibrium)
Types:
a)Static Equilibrium refers to all objects or
systems at rest
b)Dynamic Equilibrium - refers to all objects /
systems moving at
constant velocity

F = 0 ; FX=0 ; FY =
Note: graphically all forces forms a closed
0 :
R=0
polygon

NEWTONS LAWS OF
MOTION
NEWTONS SECOND LAW
If a net external force acts on a body, the
body accelerates. The direction of acceleration
is the same as the direction of the net force.
The mass of the body times the acceleration of
the body equals the net force vector.
In Symbols,
By Components;

NEWTONS LAWS OF
MOTION
NEWTONS THIRD LAW
If body A exerts a force on body B ( an
action), then body B exerts a force on body A
( a reaction). These two forces have the same
magnitude but are opposite in direction. These
two forces act on different bodies.

What is a Force?

Unit of a Force

*One newton is the amount of net force that gives an

acceleration of 1meter per second squared to a body with a
mass of 1 kilogram.
Relationship Between
Mass & Weight

Kinds of Forces
1.Weight, W force
due to earths
gravitational attraction
which is always
acting from the center
of gravity (c.g.)
downward.

2. Tension , T a
pulling force exerted
on an object by a rope,
cord, cables, etc.

Kinds of Forces
3.Compression, C a
push applied to a body
using a rod, bar, mast,
etc. (directed towards
the body or point
being considered)

4. Normal Force, N
when an object rests or
pushes on a surface,
the surface exerts a
push on it that is
directed perpendicular
to the surface

Kinds of Forces
5. Friction Force, f force acting between
the body and its surface of contact which is
parallel but opposite to the direction of
motion.

1. Static Friction, fs exists when the body is at

rest but has the tendency to slide.
2. Kinetic Friction, fk
opposing force when
the body is in motion.

Types of
f nFriction:
or f = n
where:
f- friction force
n- normal force
coefficient of friction

Steps
in
Solving
Make a diagram of the whole structure
being considered.
Problems:
Draw a separate force diagram / Free

Body Diagram, FBD

FBD is one part of the whole
structure on which known and unknown
forces act. (Point of concurrency )
Super impose x and y axis on FBD.
Apply F =0

-[for system / body in

equilibrium]
F = ma -[for system / body with
acceleration]