HOLOGRAPHIC DATA

STORAGE

PREPARED BY:
MANTHAN D SHETH
VISHAL R VYAS
 OVERVIEW
• Devices that use light to store and read data have been the
backbone of data storage for nearly two decades.

• It started from CD’s which can store 700MB and has moderate
speed.

• Then came DVD which can store up to 17 GB and has speed up to

10 Mbps.

• Recently in 2006 ,BLU-RAY disc was launched which has capacity

up to 54 GB and speed of 36 Mbps.

• But looking to the future we need to go ahead and find a better way
of storing data, a easier way which is far more better in speed as
well as memory.

• In to achieve this scientist have proposed a new technology which

uses 3-D layers instead of conventional 2-D. This technology is
named HOLOGRAPHIC DATA STORAGE
 STORAGE DEVICES
• To understand clearly the concept of a holographic disc
let us have a brief study of the data storage devices
which are being used widely today :

• CD

• DVD

• BLU-RAY
 NORMAL CD
• Most of a CD consists of an
injection-molded piece of clear
polycarbonate plastic. During
manufacturing, this plastic is
impressed with microscopic bumps
arranged as a single, continuous,
extremely long spiral track of data.
CROSS SECTION OF A CD
• A CD has a single spiral track of
data, circling from the inside of the A label layer
disc to the outside.
B protection layer
• The elongated bumps that make up C Data layer (reflection layer)
the track are each 0.5 microns D protection layer (transparent)
wide, a minimum of 0.83 microns
long and 125 nanometers high. E Logical 0 (bump)
F Logical 1 (pit)
 DATA RETRIEVAL
• The data in the cd is stored in these extremely small
bumps. The data is retrieved with the help of a red
laser beam in the manner as shown.

• In the first image , we see that the laser (A), reflects

(Image 1) on the bump. The reflected laser light
however does not seem to reach the sensor (B). The
CD-player interprets this as a logical ZERO.

• In the second image we see a reflection on a pit

(Image 2). Here we see that the reflected laser light
DOES reach the sensor (B). This is being interpreted
by the CD-player as a logical ONE.

•The incredibly small dimensions of the bumps make

the spiral track on a CD extremely long.

• If we could lift the data track off a CD and stretch it

out into a straight line, it would be 0.5 microns wide
and almost 3.5 miles (5 km) long.
 DVD
• DVDs are of the same diameter and thickness
as CDs, and they are made using some of the
same materials and manufacturing methods.
Like a CD, the data on a DVD is encoded in
the form of small pits and bumps in the track of
the disc.

• The elongated bumps that make up the track

are each 320 nanometers wide, a minimum of TRACK OF A CD
400 nanometers long and 120 nanometers
high

• The biggest advantage of a DVD over a CD is

that the pits and the tracks in DVD are smaller
so that it takes less space than a DVD to store
the same amount of data. Thus physically
tighter spacing of pits on a DVD increases its
storing capabilities.
TRACK OF A DVD
 FORMATS IN DVD
• Another big advantage in DVD is
that it allows multilayer storing of
data on its both sides. The figure
shows the way of multistory of data
in DVD.

• The microscopic dimensions of the

bumps make the spiral track on a
DVD extremely long. If we could lift
the data track off a single layer of a
DVD, and stretch it out into a Format Capacity
straight line, it would be almost 7.5 Single-sided/single-layer 4.38 GB
miles long! That means that a
double-sided, double-layer DVD Single-sided/double-layer 7.95 GB
would have 30 miles (48 km) of Double-sided/single-layer 8.75 GB
data!
Double-sided/double-
layer
15.9 GB
 BLU-RAY DISC
• The movie industry has set a revolution with the introduction of Blu-ray
Discs (BD) in 2006. With their high storage capacity, Blu-ray discs can hold
and play back large quantities of high-definition video and audio, as well as
photos, data and other digital content.
• Unlike current DVDs, which use a red laser to read and write data, Blu-ray
uses a blue laser.
• A blue laser has a shorter wavelength (405 nanometers) than a red laser
(650 nanometers). The smaller beam focuses more precisely, enabling it to
read information recorded in pits that are only 0.15 microns (µm) long.
• Because of this in a Blu-ray the track pitch has been reduced from 0.74
microns to 0.32 microns.
 ADVANTAGES OF BLU-RAY DISC
OVER CD/DVD
• Blu-ray disc can hold more than 25 GB of info -- about five times the amount
of info that can be stored on a DVD.

• The speed of this disc is 36Mbps as compared to 10 Mbps of the DVD.

• There is not any much difference between the cost of a blu ray disc and a
DVD.

• Record high-definition television (HDTV) without any quality loss

• Instantly skip to any spot on the disc

• Record one program while watching another on the disc

• Create play lists

• Edit or reorder programs recorded on the disc

• Automatically search for an empty space on the disc to avoid recording over
a program
 WHAT IS HDS ??
• Holographic memory will go beneath the surface and use the
volume of the recording medium for storage, instead of only the
surface area.

• It can store about 1 terabyte (1000 gb) and which has speed about
60 times greater than normal DVDs.

• HDS technology also offers the potential for a 50-year archival

lifetime without the expensive environmentally controlled storage
required for magnetic tape. Also, the volume of physical space
required for archiving data would be reduced substantially.

• HDS could be an enabling technology for high-performance, three-

dimensional imaging applications, as well as large image
databases, such as those required for satellite imagery and for
biometric identification
 ADVANTAGES OF HDS
• LARGE STORAGE: it can store up to 1 terabyte (i.e. 1000GB)

• HIGH SPEED: Allows a million bits of data to be written and read in

parallel with single flash of light. So it has transfer rate greater than
50 Mbps.

• GOOD CLARITY : It has high definition clarity which is even more

greater than blu-ray discs.

• REDUCES THREAT OF PIRACY: Because of its unique ability to

store data through out the depth of the media,it helps to reduce
piracy.

• CHECK AUTHENTICITY: Thus helps in films and game distribution.

• HELPS IN SECURITY: Its random access and data matching

abilities help in places like ATM and face recognition systems at
airports.