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Interaction

between living
things

Types Of Interactions
Prey-predator
Symbiosis
Competition
Prey-Predator

Competition

Symbiosis

Prey and Predator

This includes a predator and a prey, herbivore-plant,


and parasite-host interactions.
The predator eats the prey and the prey gets eaten by
its predator
The relationship of this interaction is That predators
increase when prey are abundant
In complex systems, there could be more than one prey
which means the predator will have more choices of food
which will allow the population of prey to increase
Examples of prey-predator :snake and rat,tiger and
antelopes

Competition

COMPETITIONISANINTERACTIONBETWEENORGANISMSORSPECIESINWHICH
THEYWILLCOMPETEBETWEENEACHOTHERFORLIMITEDSUPPLYOFAT
LEASTONERESOURCE(SUCHASFOOD,WATER,ANDTERRITORY)USEDBY
BOTHCANBEAFACTOR.

COMPETITIONAMONGMEMBERSOFTHESAMESPECIESISKNOWNAS
INTRASPECIFICCOMPETITION,WHILECOMPETITIONBETWEENINDIVIDUALSOF
DIFFERENTSPECIESISKNOWNASINTERSPECIFICCOMPETITION.COMPETITION
ISNOTALWAYSSTRAIGHTFORWARD,ANDCANOCCURINBOTHADIRECTAND
INDIRECTFASHION.

SPECIESLESSSUITEDTOCOMPETEFORRESOURCESSHOULDEITHERADAPT
ORDIEOUT,ALTHOUGHCOMPETITIVEEXCLUSIONISRARELYFOUNDIN
NATURALECOSYSTEMS.
ANIMALSDOCOMPETETOBETHELEADEROFTHEIRTRIBETOO

Symbiosis
Symbiosis describes close interactions between two or more different
species. It is different from regular interactions between species, because in a
symbiotic relationship, the two species in the relationship live together. Many
organisms are involved in symbiotic relationships because this interaction
provides benefits to both species. However, there are types of symbiosis that
are not beneficial and may in fact harm one or both of the species.
Symbiotic relationships can be obligate or facultative. Obligate symbiosis
is when two organisms are in a symbiotic relationship because they can't
survive without each other. Facultative symbiosis is when the species live
together by choice. There are four main types of symbiotic relationships:
mutualism, commensalism, parasitism and competition.

Symbiosis-Mutualism
Mutualism occurs when both species benefit from the
interaction. Because mutualism is beneficial for both species
involved, there are a wide variety of mutualistic interactions, and
these are most common in nature.
For example, there may be a nutritional benefit to be gained from
the symbiosis, such as with lichen. Lichen is made up of both
algae and fungi, and together they provide each other with food
and structure.

Symbiosis- commensalism
Commensalism usually occurs between a species that is either
vulnerable to predation or with an inefficient means of
locomotion, and another species with a relatively effective system
of defence. For example certain Goby species live amongst the
spines of toxic sea-urchins such as Astropyga radiata, so gaining
protection from their host; while a similar relationship occurs
between a jellyfish. In both instances the fish benefit, while their
host is neither advantaged nor disadvantaged by the relationship.

Symbiosis -parasitism
In a parasitic relationship, the host species is always exploited to
some degree, although often in such a way that its health is
impaired only slowly. This allows the parasite to exploit its host
over a longer period. Many parasites only spend a portion of their
lives in the relationship, either to reproduce, or during an initial
growth stage.
Parasites can be divided into two basic categories, Ectoparasites
and Endoparasites

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