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MILLING MACHINE

Working Principle:
The workpiece is holding on the worktable of the machine. The table movement controls
the feed of workpiece against the rotating cutter. The cutter is mounted on a spindle or
arbor and revolves at high speed. Except for rotation the cutter has no other motion. As
the workpiece advances, the cutter teeth remove the metal from the surface of workpiece
and the desired shape is produced.

Specification of Milling machine

Milling operations can be classified in to two broad categories


1. Peripheral Milling
2. Face Milling

Type of Milling Machines


Milling machines can be classified into different categories depending
upon their construction, specification and operations. The choice of any
particular machine is

Column and Knee Type Milling Machine

Head Milling Machine


In case of head milling machine feed motion is given by hand and movements
of the machine are provided by motor.
Plain Milling Machine
Feed motion is achieved by powered controlled.
Universal Milling Machine
It is used to do a large variety of operations.
The table can be swivelled to any angle up to 45oon either side of normal
position.
Omniversal Milling Machine
It is similar to universal milling machine. Here, the table can be tilted in a
vertical plane by providing a swivel arrangement at the knee
Vertical Milling Machine
Position of spindle is kept vertical or perpendicular to the worktable

Fixed Bed Type Milling Machine


Simplex Milling
It has single single spindle head.

Duplex Milling
Duplex milling machine has double spindle heads, one on each side of the table.

Triplex Milling
Triplex milling machine has three spindle heads one each side of the table
and third one is mounted on the cross rail.

Principal features of horizontal and vertical milling machine

Base
Column
Knee
Saddle
Table
Overhanging arm
Arbor
Spindle

MILLING CUTTERS
Milling cutters are classified into different categories depending on different
criteria as described below :
According to the Construction of Milling Cutter
(a) Solid milling cutter
(b) Inserted teeth cutter
(c) Tipped solid cutter
According to Relief Characteristics of the Cutter Teeth
(a) Profile relieved cutter
(d) Form relieved cutter
According to Method of Mounting the Cutters
(a) Arbor type
(b) Facing cutter
(c) Shank cutter
According to Direction of Rotation of the Cutter
(a) Right hand rotational cutter
(d) Left hand rotational cutter

According to the Direction of Helix of the Cutter Teeth


(a) Parallel straight teeth
(b) Right hand helical
(c) Left hand helical
(d) Alternate helical teeth
According to Purpose of Use of the Cutter
(a) Standard milling cutter
(e) Special milling cutter

Standard milling cutters are the conventional cutters which are classified
as given below.
Plain Milling Cutters

Elements of plain milling cutter

Body of cutter
Cutting edge
Face
Fillet
Gash
Land
Outside diameter
Root diameter
Cutter angles
Relief angle
Lip angle
Primary clearance angle
Secondary clearance angle
Rake angle(Radial angle)

Side Milling Cutters


Metal Slitting Saw
Angle Milling Cutter
End Mill
T Slot Milling Cutters
Fly Cutter
Formed Cutters
Convex Milling Cutters
Concave Milling Cutters
Corner Rounding Milling Cutters
Gear Cutter
Thread Milling Cutter
Top and Reamer Cutter
Inserted teeth cutter

Tipped solid cutter

Milling operations
Plain milling operation
Face milling operation
Side milling operation
Straddle milling operation
Angular milling operation
Gang milling operation
Form milling operation
Profile milling operation
End milling operation
Saw milling operation
Slot milling operation
Gear cutting operation
Helical milling operation
Cam milling operation
Thread milling operation

Cam milling

External thread
milling

Internal thread
milling

Profile Milling

End milling

Slot milling

Gear milling

INDEXING
Indexing is the operation of dividing the periphery of a workpiece into any number of
equal parts. For example hexagonal bolt.

INDEXING METHOD
Direct indexing
Simple indexing
Compound indexing
Differential indexing

Direct indexing

Simple indexing

Example

Differential indexing

Cutter holding Devices


Arbor
Collet
Adapter
Spring collets
Bolted cutters
Screwed on cutters

Special attachments used in milling machine


Indexing head or Dividing head
Rotary table
Slotting attachment

Work holding device

T-bolts and clamps.


Angle plate.
V-blocks.
Vises.
Special fixtures.
Dividing heads.

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