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OF INHERITANCE
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid, is
now known to be the genetic
material.
DNA forms a long chains of
genetic material organized
into chromosomes
DNA Structure
Pentose (five-carbon) sugar called deoxyribose
Phosphate group
Nitrogenous bases
DNA Replication
RNA
Ribunucleic acid
Secondary type of nucleic acid
that transfer the instructions for
the manufacture of proteins
from genes on the DNA to the
ribosome.
RNA Structure
Pentose Sugar
Phosphate group
Nitrogenous bases
Types of RNA
Ribosomal RNAs - exist outside the nucleus
in the cytoplasm of a cell in structures called
ribosomes.
Ribosomes are small, granular structures
where protein synthesis takes place. Each
ribosome is a complex consisting of about
60% ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and 40%
protein.
ENGR. YVONNE LIGAYA F. MUSICO
Types RNA
Messenger RNAs - are the nucleic acids that
"record" information from DNA in the cell
nucleus and carry it to the ribosomes and are
known as messenger RNAs (mRNA).
Transfer RNAs - The function of transfer
RNAs (tRNA) is to deliver amino acids one by
one to protein chains growing at ribosomes.
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RNA
Structure
Double Strand
Single Strand
Purines
Adenine (A)
Guanine (G)
Adenine (A)
Guanine (G)
Pyrimidines
Cytosine (C)
Thymine (T)
Cytosine (C)
Uracil (U)
Sugar
Deoxyribose
Ribose
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Protein Synthesis
TRANSCRIPTION - is the process of transferring
information from a strand of DNA to a strand.
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Protein Synthesis
TRANSLATION ribosomes synthesize proteins
with the help of mRNA molecules.
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Protein Synthesis
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Amino Acid
M-RNA Codons
T-RNA Anticodons
alanine
arginine
asparagine
TTA, TTG
AAU, AAC
UUA, UUG
aspartate
CTA, CTG
GAU, GAC
CUA, CUG
cysteine
ACA, ACG
UGA, UGC
ACA, ACG
glutamate
CTT, CTC
GAA, GAG
CUU, CUC
glutamine
GTT, GTC
CAA, CAG
GUU, GUC
glycine
histidine
GTA, GTG
CAU, CAC
GUA, GUG
isoleucine
leucine
lysine
TTT, TTC
AAA, AAG
UUU, UUC
methionine
TAC
AUG
UAC
phenylalanine
AAA, AAG
UUU, UUC
AAA, AAG
proline
serine
stop
threonine
tryptophan
ACC
UGG
ACC
tyrosine
ATA, ATG
UAU, UAC
AUA, AUG
valine
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THANK YOU!
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