1

STEALTH
TECHNOLOGY

Content
Introduction
Signature of a vehicle
Various stealths
Indias step towards stealth
Advantages
Disadvantages
Conclusion
Reference

Stealth technology
Scientifically known as Low Observability
Technology (LOT)
Technique which makes any object invisible
to detection
Important technology used in military
applications

Signature of a vehicle
Any unique indicator of the presence of
certain material or troops
Observability of an object
Stealth vehicles- low signature vehicles

RADAR Stealth
Radio Detection And Ranging
Works on two major principles
-Echo
-The Doppler Shift
if
reflected < transmitted = target moving away
else
target moving close to transmitter

Why radio waves?

Speed comaparable with that of light
Less attenuation
Easier to detect electromagnetic echo

Radar Cross section(RCS)

Measure of a targets ability to reflect radar signals
in the direction of radar receiver
RCS = Projected cross section *
Reflectivity * Directivity
For a sphere, the RCS, = r , where r is the
radius of the sphere.
Detection Range R

RCS Reduction
Vehicle shaping
Orthogonal metal plates forming corner reflector
reflects radar waves back.
Corner reflector is a retro reflector consisting three
mutually perpendicular intersecting flat surfaces

In

en
d
i
c

ve
a
tw

Re

te
c
e
fl

ve
a
w

RCS Patterns

10

RCS Reduction(continued..)
Radar Absorbing Material
Nano structural composite material
absorbing radar waves without reflecting.
- Magnetic ferrite based substance
- Reduces Radar Cross section, detection range
Re-entrant triangles

11

Infrared stealth
Heat seeking missiles and other weapons zero
in on the infrared glow of hot aircraft .
IR signature contributors- airframe, engine
casing and plume
Measures to achieve infrared stealth
-mixing cool air
-directing exhausts upwards
-embedding jet engines inside the wings

12

Visual Stealth
Unable to detect in background
Concept of day time stealth- Lockheed Martin
Achieved using camouflages and decoys
Aircraft camouflage
Vehicle camouflage
Ship camouflage

13

Visual Stealth(continued..)
Developing electro chromic polymer
- senses hue, colour and brightness
- image received is projected
- when charged panels undergo colour change
Examples-B-2 Spirit bomber, Boeings Bird of
Prey,F-32 Joint Strike Fighter

14

Visual stealth plane

Aircraft camouflage

15

Sonar stealth
Sonar used for detecting and locating objects
submerged in water by means of sound waves

Fig1.Hull mounted sonar

16

Sonar stealth(continued...)

Fig2.Towed Sonar

To achieve stealth, sonar absorbers are used

17

Adaptive water curtain technology

Sea water sprayed in a fashion that effectively
creates an angled radar reflective curtain
around the ship.
Water curtain can be modulated
Features
Reduced RCS
Camouflage
Uses fire fighting technology

18

Adaptive water curtain technology

19

Indias step towards stealth

HAL Light Combat Helicopter: Multirole
combat helicopter
- developed by Hindustan Aeronautics
Limited
- 3 units available
DRDO AURA: autonomous unmanned
combat vehicle
-developed by the DRDO
-to be available in 2019

20

Advantages
Reduces causality rates during war
Saves military budget
Element of surprise
Detector potential enemies from taking action

21

Disadvantages
Stealth aircraft cannot fly faster
Reduced amount of payload carrying capacity
It is not maneuverable
Does not provide optimum amount of lift
Cost of maintenance

22

Conclusion
Stealth technology developed a lot.
Investment needed is very high
Success yet to be proved extensively
Useful for other projects

23

F-117A NightHawk

24

Reference
[1] Jones, Joseph, Stealth Technology, Blue Ridge Summit, PA:
TAB Books,
pages:108-112, November 2005
[2] Marwa A.El Diwiny, Stealth technology for safe piloting of
the Unmanned aerial vehicle, International Conference on
Mechatronics and Automation ,IEEE, August 3 - 6, 2014
[3] Hume, Andrew L, and Christopher Baker, Netted RADAR
Sensing, in Proceedings of the CIE International Conference on
RADAR, (IEEE) 110-114, 2001
[4] Konstantinos Zikidis, Low Observable Principles, Stealth
Aircraft and Anti-Stealth Technologies, Journal of
Computations & Modelling, vol.4, no.1, 2014, 129-165

25

THANK YOU

26

QUESTIONS???