PROJECT REPORT ON

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 Basic of INTERNET
What is internet ?
• Worldwide network of computer networks
• Computers using the TCP/IP network protocols for data transmission
and exchange

Applications of Internet
• Send and receive emails
• Get or exchange software and files.
• Explore the World Wide Web (WWW)
• Internet Chat

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 Working of the Internet connection
Emails
Emails
Chat
Chat
INTERNET
INTERNET
Net
Net
Telephony
Telephony

Nearest
Customer dials the Internet access BSO exchange
PC Nearest
number through the soft dialer from the PC
ISP PoP
Modem Telephone

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 Applications of Broadband

Internet Solutions
• Faster access/surfing of information
• Faster download of email, huge files, etc

Voice Solutions – Audio on Demand (AoD)

• Request and listen to any type of songs, information
• Listen to various radio channels
• Karaoke sing along

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 Applications of Broadband
Video Solutions – Video on Demand (VOD)
• Watch movies at own convenience
• Record multiple channels / programmes and view at your
convenience
• Possibility of watch soap operas/serials (single view, multiple view)
• View all the TV channels available
Communication solutions
• Net telephony – domestic & international
• Video Conferencing
• E-mail on PC
• Chat on PC

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 Triple Play of Broadband

Data Voice Video

• High speed Internet access • VoIP / Internet • Broadcast TV channels
• Value added content and Telephony • Video services
applications • Full function Voice (VoD, PPV, etc.)

Triple Play

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 Broadband Access Technologies

 Metro Ethernet
 DSL
 Cable
 WiFi

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 Broadband Access Technology-An Overview
Ethernet Technology
• Metro Ethernet technology is Internet Protocol technology that
provides a high speed connection.
• Theoretically provide unlimited Upstream & Downstream
speeds (Service provider bandwidth restrictions)
• Ideally suited for all future Triple play applications.
• Speeds up to 100 Mbps in the LAN and 10 Mbps to home
• Suitable for large distance

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 Broadband Access Technology-An Overview
DSL Technologies
• Originally devised to transmit digital television over
telephone wires
• Designed to leverage the existing copper networks
• The frequencies below 4 kHz (reserved for voice)
• The range above that is used for data.
• Usage for phone calls and Internet access at the same time.
• Distance plays a factor in the throughput
• Ideally suited for high end broadband applications.

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 Broadband Access Technology-An Overview

 Cable Technology
• Provided thru Co-Axial cable in the last mile
• Shares capacity among users
• Speeds Cable Technology
• Provided thru Co-Axial cable in the last mile
• Shares capacity among users
• Speeds up to 32 Mbps (Shared)

 Wireless Broadband Access Technology

• Technology to provide mobile internet access to a computer
• Good for on campus / in building roaming and for multiple
applications at locations such as airports, hotels, cafes
up to 32 Mbps (Shared)

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 Continued

 The Tata Indicom Broadband Technology

• Metro Ethernet Technology

• DSL Technology

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 Metro Ethernet

Metro Ethernet is a general term used to describe an Ethernet

technology network in a metropolitan area. Metro Ethernet has the
potential to increase the cost efficiency of network capacity. Metro
Ethernet can also offer a wide range of service in a simple, scalable,
and flexible manner.

Metro Ethernet is used for two primary purposes :

1) Connectivity to Public Internet.
2) Connectivity between corporate sites separated geographically.

The latter use for Metro Ethernet goes beyond the reach and function
of corporate networks.

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Category A Setup

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 DSL Technology

 A method for moving data over regular phone lines.

 A DSL circuit is much faster than a regular phone
connection, and the wires coming into the
subscriber's premises are the same (copper) wires
used for regular phone service.
 A common configuration of DSL allows downloads at
speeds of up to 1.544 megabits (not megabytes) per
second, and uploads at speeds of 512 kilobits per
second.

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 Different Variants ( xDSL) of DSL

 ADSL: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Lines

( Data Rates : 768 kb/s to 9 Mb/s downstream and 64 kb/s to
1.5 Mb/s upstream. )

 SDSL: Symmetric Digital Subscriber Lines

( Data Rates : E1s/T1s on single pair of copper) – Symmetric
speeds

 HDSL: High-Data-Rate Digital Subscriber Lines

( Data Rates : 1.544 Mb/s or 2.048 Mb/s ) - Symmetric speeds

 VDSL: Very-High-Data-Rate Digital Subscriber Lines

( Data Rates : Upto 54 Mbps download speed possible )

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 Typical DSL Deployment

• Typically used to work on ATM technology for fast switching

• DSLAM are housed in TELCO Exchange
• Same Copper line carries Voice and Data on different frequencies
• DSLAM is uplinked to ISP using E1s , ATM , and Ethernet transport technologies

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 DSLAM

What is a DSLAM :

A DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer) is a

network device, usually at a telephone company central
office(CO), that receives signals from multiple customer Digital
Subscriber Line (DSL) connections and puts the signals on a
high-speed backbone line using multiplexing techniques.
Depending on the product, DSLAM multiplexers connect DSL
lines with some combination of asynchronous transfer mode
(ATM), frame relay, or Internet Protocol networks.

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 DSLAMs used in VSNL BB Network

 ADSL DSLAM : Sumitomo - CU3/ CU2

 IP DSLAM:

Ericsson EDN -312P

Lucent – Stinger MS+

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 IP DSLAM

 Model No : Ericsson 312p

 Number of ADSL connections : 12
 Max Number of PVC per connection : 8
 Each PVC will carry one service
 The IP DSLAMs are powered over the Ethernet
cables and both data and power is conveyed in the
same cable.
 Compact Palm size
 In-built splitters
 Hardware Revision : R2 B

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 Switches
 Model No : ESN 108
 Number of Ports : 8 Fast Ethernet 100 Mbps and 1
Optical Port 100 Mbps
 All Fast Ethernet Ports are Tagged VLAN Ports
 Powered using -48 V Supply
 Built-in PoE for distributing power to IPDSLAMs.
 Supports Multicasting, Filtering and transparent VLAN
IDs .
 Managed by PEM Server.
 Compact Palm Size
 Hardware Revision : R1 B

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 Ethernet Controller Node

 Model No : ECN 320

 Number of Ports : 24 10BASE- T/100BASE-TX RJ-45
ports and two combo ports.10/100/1000BASE-T ports
that operate in combination with Small Form Factor
Pluggable (SFP) transceiver slots.
 Supports PoE
 Powered by – 48 V DC Supply
 Serves as a node that controls and aggregates other
EDA nodes (embedded nodes i.e. ESN 108, EDN 312p
etc ).

 Together with embedded nodes ECN 320 forms Ethernet

Access Node – EAN

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Typical EAN Setup

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 Troubleshooting in IPDSL
environments

Troubleshooting Access Network:

 No Link
1. Check for the copper connectivity on the basis of Joints, Resistance ( ideal 60
ohms / km ) & Distance ( ideal 3 Kms max )
2. Check for proper kroning on appropriate channel of IP DSLAM
3. Check whether the Port is provisioned and active by co-coordinating with FE co-
coordinator / Control Center / L1 NOC
4. Check whether IPDSLAM is Online . It can be verified using standard LED
indications*.
5. Check for proper functioning of USB port , re-install drivers or replace modem if
required.

 Frequent Disconnections
1. Confirm that the cable is properly punched.
2. Check the resistance value of cable (ideal 60 ohms / km).
3. Verify that the cable pair is not faulty.

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 Continued

 Not able to browse & Redirected to renewal page after login ( Web based Auth
Customers )
1. Check for the balance in the customer account. He might not have resources
to access internet.

 Not able to login

1. Check for username/password , whether it is correctly typed.
2. Previous session is not properly logged off.

USB Based
1. Check for the ADSL Link
2. Check for the TCP / IP configuration
3. CPE VPI/VCI should be 0/32

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 Continued

 Slow browsing as a whole

1. Check the customer link for congestion by doing a link test using url
: http://speedtest.vsnl.com/speed . This test should display 95 % of
customer’s subscribed bandwidth.
2. Check for the customer PC for virus possibilities , utilities like
“netstat” becomes handy over here.

 Slow browsing with a particular site

1) Check the same with NOC , it may be an issue with particular site
2) Check the path for response & packet drops using utilities like
“PING” & “Traceroute”

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