UTILIZATION OF

SUGARCANE BAGASSE
ASH IN CONCRETE
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PROCESS TO OBTAIN ASH FROM BAGASSE
CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF BAGASSE ASH
GRINDING OF BAGASSE ASH
PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BAGASSE
APPLICATIONS
ADVANTAGES
CASE STUDY
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION
By-product during the manufacture of sugar.
Fuel in boilers to generate steam and electricity.
Bagasse ash causes a great disposal problem.
Using waste SCBA as a pozzolonic material to replace cement can reduce the
consumption of cement.
Helps solve environmental issue caused by cement production.
1ton sugarcane generates approximately 26% of bagasse and 0.62% of residual ash.
PROCESS TO OBTAIN ASH FROM
BAGASSE

BAGASSE CARBONIZATION
Bagasse was packed in graphite crucible air tight and placed
inside electric control furnace.
Burnt at temperature of 1200oC for 5hrs to obtain black ash.
This bagasse ash is used in the research.
 This carbonated bagasse was collected and burned for 6hours at
600oC.
After burn a layer of light colored ash was observed on the surface
and then an ash of black color and heterogeneous composition
was observed, consisting of leftovers of the sugarcane bagasse that
was not burned as well as charcoal particles.
The second burn of CBC lasted for 3hours at 700oC.
After this reburn the CBC was cooled naturally.
Six samples of ash were collected and dried in the oven for 24 hours
at 70oC
CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF BAGASSE ASH

The main composition of bagasse ash is siliceous oxide (SiO) that react with
free lime from cement hydration.
But only un-crystal silica oxide has reactive properties.
Therefore for determining the amorphous, the specimens were burned at
different temperature and duration.
By using XRD test the crystal amount were investigated.
Test results show that non-crystalline ash were obtained from bagasse
burning in 700oC for 90 minutes and also 800oC at time of 15 minutes.
GRINDING OF FINE PARTICLES OF
BAGASSE ASH
The other method to make the amorphous shape is grinding for long
time.
Grinding was under taken using a mill with steel balls.
Grinding time of 120 minutes were chosen and the speed of
revolution were chosen so can acting as impact force that can
break silica crystal existed in ash.
After grinding the specific surface is related directly to grain size of
particles.
PARTICLES SIZE ANALYSIS

100g each of the dried ash was taken and introduced into a set of
sieves arranged in descending order of fineness and shaken for 15
minutes.
The weight retained on each sieve was taken and expressed as
percentages of the total sample weight.
From the weight retained, the grain fineness number (AFS) was
computed.
CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BAGASSE
SL. COMPONENT MASS%
NO
1 SiO2 78.34 SL. COMPONENT MASS%
2 Al2 8.55 NO
3 Fe2O 3.61 1 Density (g/cm3) 2.52

4 CaO 2.15 2 Surface Area (cm2/gm) 5140

5 Na2O 0.12 3 Particle size (m) 28.9

4 Color Reddish grey
6 K2O 3.46
7 MnO 0.13
Source: Properties And Reactivity Of Sugarcane
8 TiO2 0.50 Bagasse Ash By, AJAY GOYAL, HATTORI KUNIO,
9 BaO <0.16 OGATA HIDEHIKO, MANDULA
10 P2O5 1.07
11 Loss Of Ignition 0.42

Source : Experiment Study On Bagasse

Ash In Concrete By R.SRINIVASAN,
K. SATHIYA
APPLICATION OF BAGASSE ASH

Making of floor and wall tiles

Making the bricks
As a mineral admixture
In the light weight concrete
For silica sources
ADVANTAGES

To improve the quality and reduce the cost of construction

materials.
Has high silica content: 87% (Cements silica content: 22%).
Low specific gravity: 1.80 (Cements specific gravity: 3.15).
Valuable pozzolonic material and its cost is similar to fly ash.
Reduces negative environmental effect and landfill volume.
 Bagasse ash is very light material.
Bagasse ash can be used as a farm fertilizer.
Bagasse ash is also suitable for making ceramic products.
Increases workability of fresh concrete.
Compressive strength, tensile strength and flexure can be
increased with 10% replacement of SCBA at 28 days.
CASE STUDY
Title: Experimental Study Of Bagasse Ash In Concrete.

Partially replacement in the ratio of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%
by weight of cement in concrete.

Fresh Concrete Tests: Compaction Factor Test And Slump Cone Test
were undertaken.

Harden Concrete Test: Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength,

Flexural Strength And Modulus Of Elasticity at the age of 7 and 28
days was obtained.
 Materials used:

Cement: Ordinary Portland Cement Is Used.

Fine Aggregates: Locally available riverbed sand is used.
Specific gravity is 2.68.
Sand Conforms To Zone II
Coarse Aggregates: Size Used 20mm.
Specific Gravity Is 2.83.
Water: Conforming To The Requirements As Per Is:456-2009
Bagasse Ash: Collected From Boiler Operating In Sakthi
Sugar Factory, Satyamangalam, Tamil Nadu.
 Experimental work :

180 Numbers Of Concrete Specimens Were Casted.

36 Numbers : 150mm Side Cubes.
108 Number : 150mm Diameter And 300mm Long Cylinders.
36 Numbers : 750mm 150mm 150mm Size Prisms.
Mix Design Was Done For M20 Grade Cement As Per Indian Standards.
Water Cement Ratio is 0.48.
 Workability :

SAMPLE % OF SCBA WORKABILITY

DESIGNATION
Slump(mm) Compaction factor
C0 0 60 0.95

N1 5 187 0.96

N2 10 200 0.96

N3 15 220 0.97

N4 20 225 0.97

N5 25 230 0.97
 Strength Results Of SCBA Concrete At 7 Days

SAMPLE % OF SCBA COMPRESSIVE SPLIT TEASILE FLEXURAL MODULUS OF BULK DENSITY

DESIGNATION STRENGTH STRENGTH STRENGTH ELASTICITY (Kg/m3)
(MPa) (MPa) (MPa) (MPa)
C0 0 13.80 0.693 3.63 22800 2535.30
N1 5 15.83 0.970 3.35 23100 2541.23
N2 10 12.33 0.90 3.19 23000 2517.52
N3 15 8.79 0.70 3.04 21900 2494.81
N4 20 8.30 0.65 2.75 20100 2400.01
N5 25 7.55 0.42 2.30 19800 2396.04
 Strength Results Of SBCA Concrete At 28 Days

SAMPLE % OF SCBA COMPRESSIVE SPLIT TEASILE FLEXURAL MODULUS OF BULK DENSITY

DESIGNATION STRENGTH STRENGTH STRENGTH ELASTICITY (Kg/m3)
(MPa) (MPa) (MPa) (MPa)
C0 0 21.47 1.526 3.460 30010 2546.17
N1 5 29.50 1.94 3.74 29200 2581.72
N2 10 24.70 1.59 3.56 25800 2505.67
N3 15 19.32 1.45 3.38 21000 2429.62
N4 20 18.85 1.34 3.18 19500 2410.21
N5 25 17.73 1.24 3.02 18500 24000.00
CONCLUSION
The SCBA in blended concrete had significantly higher compressive
strength, higher tensile strength and higher flexural strength
compare to that of the concrete without SCBA.

It is found that the cement could be advantageously replaced with

SCBA up to maximum limit of 10%.

SCBA increases workability of fresh concrete, therefore use of super

plasticizer is not substantial.

Density of concrete decreases with increase in SCBA content.