NOISE CONTROL IN IC ENGINE

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 ABSTRACT
Noise control is becoming increasingly important
for a wide variety of OEM designers. Examples of
products that take noise control considerations
into account during their design cycles include
equipment such as computer hard drives, house
appliances, material handling and transportation
equipment etc,. In the transportation market,
which includes aircraft, ground and marine
segments, the demand is for low noise level
goals.
 Achieving these goals is of primary importance for
OEM to be continue to be competitive or to keep a
given supremacy in the market.
The automotive industry has been a leader in the
adsorption of noise control technologies. Methods in
use for several years for the prediction of interior noise
levels include : finite element method(FEM), statistical
energy analysis (SEA) boundary element analysis (BEA)
etc. The internal combustion engine has mechanized
the world. Since the early 1900s it has been our prime
source of mechanical power. The vast number of
internal combustion engines in the world today has
resulted in air pollution, noise pollution etc.
 There has been a direct relationship between the
improvement in mans physical standard of living
and the degree of his development of machines.
The industrial revolution was really a series of
social and industrial transformations, beginning
in England with the use of coal in place of
charcoal for the smelting of iron, progressing
through the stages of steam engines and electric
motors and all the producing and processing
made possible by these devices. of the age of
gasoline, sea and air for various types of
transportation.
 For that matter, sweeping mechanical
progress witness automation and the
utilization of nuclear energy; but with every
new machine, a little noise is created, with
every mechanism employed to do mans work,
some mechanical or electrical power is
converted into acoustical power, so that with
the rise of peoples standard of living there
occurs also a rise in the noise level of peoples
confines.
 Internal Combustion Engine Noise

One typical engine noise classification

technique separates the aerodynamic noise,
combustion noise and mechanical noise.
1. AERODYNAMIC NOISE
2. COMBUSTION NOISE
3. MECHANICAL NOISE
 AERODYNAMIC NOISE-
aerodynamic noise includes exhaust gas and
intake air noise as well as noise generated by
cooling fans, auxillary fans or any other air flow.
COMBUSTION NOISE-
combustion noise refers to noise generated by
the vibrating surfaces of the engine structure,
engine components and engine accessories after
excitation by combustion forces.
 MECHANICAL NOISE-
mechanical noise refers to noise generated by
the vibrating surfaces of the engine
components and engine accessories after
excitation by reciprocating or rotating engine
components.
 EXHAUST SYSTEM NOISE

Exhaust system noise includes the noise from exhaust

gas pulses leaves the muffler or tail pipe and noise
emitted from the vibrating surfaces of the exhaust
system components. Noise emitted from the surfaces
of exhaust system components results from two
different types of excitation forces: those generated by
the pulsating exhaust gas flow and those transmitted
from the vibrating engine to exhaust system
components. Additional considerations in the
reduction of exhaust system noise include proper
selection of piping lengths and diameters, proper
mounting of exhaust system components and proper
positioning of the exhaust outlet.
 INTAKE SYSTEM NOISE

Intake system noise includes noise generated by the flow of

air through the systems air inlet and noise emitted from the
vibrating surface components. As with exhaust systems
surface radiated noise results from two different types of
excitation process: those generated by the pulsating intake
air flow and those transmitted from the vibrating engine to
intake system components. In many instances, an engines
air cleaner will provide significant attenuation of intake air
noise. If additional attenuation is required, an intake air
silencer can be added to the system. To minimize intake
system surface radiated noise, proper design, selection and
mounting of intake system components are essential.
 COOLING SYSTEM NOISE

Water cooled engines are typically cooled by

using a radiator as a heat exchanger with an
axial flow fan is used to draw cooling air through
the radiator. Air-cooled engines generally use a
centrifugal fan in conjunction with shrouding to
direct cooling air across the engine. Fan noise
consists of both discrete frequency tones and
broadband noise. The broadband components of
fan noise are caused by the shedding of vortices
from the rotating fan blades and by turbulence in
the fans air stream.
 WATER COOLED ENGINES
1. use water pump and radiator that have adequate
capacities, furthermore, be sure that the radiator core
has sufficient surface and air flow areas.
2. use a fan with proper aerodynamic blade design.
3. use a shroud to prevent recalculation of air from the
high pressure side of the fan in the low pressure side.
Clearance between the tips of the fan blades and the
shrouding should be minimal.
4. reduce air flow resistance and turbulence in the
system. This can be achieved through proper shroud
design, proper spacing between the radiator, proper
radiator core design.
 REMEDIAL MEASURES

STOPPING IT AT THE SOURCE

Improving the engineering in many noisy objects
has cut noise nearly by 30 decibels (i.e. snow
mobiles)
Government has set up regulations to
manufacturers such as GM and Mack truck to
reduce vibration in heavy gears, axles and
transmissions.
Reducing sound at the sources by an average of
10 decibel cuts soundness in half.
 SHIELDING YOUR EARS
Without doubt, plugging up your ears is the
cheapest and easiest method of noise control.
If you have to be around loud noise protecting
yourself with earplugs is better than doing.
Excessive exposure to loud noise and or
exposure to a quick sound noise could cause
serious damage to your ears.