Lecture 2

Introduction to Computer
Technology
Review
What are the
Basic Parts of a Computer
System Unit
Printer

Monitor

Keyboard

Speakers Mouse
Elements of Computer System

Hardware Software Peopleware

Elements of Computer System
physically connected to
your computer or something
Hardware that can be physically
Software touched
Peopleware

Input Device System Unit

Storage
Output Device Primary &Secondary
INPUT DEVICE
Hardware Input Device
Hardware Input Device

is any device that

allows the person to
communicate
information to the
computer / gives
information to the
computer system so
that it can perform
its tasks.
Hardware

Input Device

Keyboard - is the most commonly used input

device, similar to a typewriter keyboard that is a
part of a terminal that is connected to a
computer elsewhere.
Hardware

Input Device
Mouse - which has a ball on its underside, is
rolled on a flat surface, usually the desk on which
the computer sits / a device that controls the
movement of the cursor or pointer on a display
screen, originally designed by Xerox.
Hardware

Input Device

Trackball - it is a variation on the mouse, but it is

an upside mouse-you roll the ball directly with
your hand.
Hardware

Input Device

Touchpad - your finger as the pointer/ is a

pressure-sensitive pad that is smaller, more
accurate, thinner, and less expensive to build
than a trackball
Hardware

Input Device
Bar Code Reader - is an input device used to scan a
Bar Code Reader pattern of lines using optical
sensing techniques the line patter is coded
information about the item to which it relates (e.g.
the price and description of an item of merchandise).
Hardware

Input Device

Optical Mark Reader - was designed initially to

read penciled or graphic information on exam
answer sheets
Hardware

Input Device

Digital Camera - record images in digital form.

Hardware

Input Device

Digitizing Tablet - an input device that enables

you to enter drawings and sketches into a
computer. A digitizing tablet consists of an
electronic tablet and a cursor or pen.
Hardware

Input Device

Scanner - a device that can read text or

illustrations printed on paper and translate the
information into a form the computer can use.

Flat bed Scanner

Sheet feed Handheld
Hardware

Input Device

Web Camera - is a camera that is in some way

connected to the World Wide Web, or Internet.
Hardware

Input Device
Touch Screen - a type of display screen that has a
touch-sensitive transparent panel covering the
screen. Instead of using a pointing device such
as a mouse or light pen, finger is used to point
directly to objects on the screen
OUTPUT DEVICE
Hardware Output Device
Hardware Output Device

It is anything that
allows the computer to
communicate
information to the user
Hardware

Output Device

Monitor - It is used to display soft copy output

CRT LCD/LED
Hardware

Output Device

Printer - It is a device that produces information

on paper output.

Laser Ink-jet Dot matrix

Hardware

Output Device

Speaker an output device producing sounds.

Hardware

Output Device

Plotter a device that draws pictures on paper

based on commands from a computer. Plotters
differ from printers in that they draw lines using
a pen.
Hardware

Output Device

Plotter
PRIMARY
STORAGE
Hardware
STORAGE - Primary
Storage
Hardware
STORAGE - Primary
Storage

Alternatively referred to as
internal memory, main
memory, and primary
memory, a primary storage
device is a medium that holds
memory for short periods of
time while a computer is
running.
Area in a computer in which
data is stored for quick access
by the computer's processor.
Hardware
STORAGE - Primary
Output Device
Storage
RAM A computer storage location that allows
information to be stored and accessed quickly from
random locations. A volatile memory and requires power
in order to keep the data accessible, if power is lost all
data contained in memory lost.
Hardware
STORAGE - Primary
Output Device
Storage
ROM Computer memory on which data has been
prerecorded. Once data has been written onto a ROM
chip, it cannot be removed and can only be read. A ROM,
stores such instructions that are required to start a
computer. This operation is referred to as bootstrap.
Unlike main memory (RAM), ROM retains its contents
even when the computer is turned off. ROM is referred to
as being nonvolatile, whereas RAM is volatile.
SECONDARY
STORAGE
Hardware
STORAGE Secondary
Storage
Hardware
STORAGE Secondary
Storage

A secondary storage device is

any non-volatile medium that
holds data until it is deleted or
overwritten.
CHARACTERISTICS:
These are magnetic and optical
memories.
It is known as backup memory.
It is non-volatile memory.
Data is permanently stored even if
power is switched off.
It is used for storage of data in a
computer.
Hardware
STORAGE Secondary
Output Device
Storage
Sometimes abbreviated as Hard drive, HD, or HDD) The
hard drive is inside the case. A lot of information can be
stored there, but it is not portable
It is rigidly solid and magnetically sensitive disk that
spins rapidly and continuously inside the computer
system unit case.
We would know if the hard disk drive is active when the
small red light (located usually in front of the CPU casing
) is flashing or blinking. This means that our computer is
storing or retrieving data or information in our hard disk.
Hardware
STORAGE - Primary
Output Device
Storage
Hardware
STORAGE - Secondary
Output Device
Storage
Floppy disks (Diskettes) are
an old technology but can
still be used in older
computers. New computers
do not automatically come
with floppy drives anymore.
Magnetically sensitive and
flexible plasmatic wafer
housed in a plastic case.
Hardware
STORAGE - Secondary
Output Device
Storage
A flash drive is a small
piece of equipment used to
store and transfer
information for computers.
Flash drives can hold quite
a lot of data and are safe
way to transport your
documents. The biggest
danger is probably
misplacing them.
Hardware
STORAGE Secondary
Output Device
Storage
SYSTEM UNIT
Hardware
System Unit
Motherboard
Hardware
System Unit
Motherboard
The motherboard serves as a single
platform to connect all of the parts of
a computer together.
A motherboard connects CPU,
memory, hard drives, optical drives,
video card, sound card, and other
ports and expansion cards directly or
via cables.
Motherboard contains ports to
connect all of the internal
components.
It can be considered as the backbone
of a computer.
 Hardware

Output
System Device
Unit CPU

Central Processing Unit

Sometimes referred to simply as the central processor,
but more commonly called processor, the CPU is the
brains of the computer where most calculations take
place. In terms of computing power, the CPU is the
most important element of a computer system.
The computer CPU is responsible for handling all
instructions it receives from hardware and software
running on the computer.
Hardware
System Unit
Output Device
Motherboard

TOP OF AN BOTTOM PART

INTEL CPU
 Hardware

System
Output Unit
Device
Ports

Computer Ports
is a physical docking
point using an
external device that
can be connected to
the computer