COMPUTING WATER

DEMAND FOR TOWNSHIP

FOR MORE LOG ON TO

https://yourarchischool.blogspot.com
 NEED OF WATER

EVERYTHING IS DEPENDS ON WATER .

ALL THE DEVELOPMENTS OF ANY TYPE DEPENDS ON

WATER,SUCH AS INDUSTRIAL ,RESIDENCIAL,COMMERCIAL.

WATER SUPPLY SCHEME IS REQUIRED TO DESIGN TO PROVIDE

IN ADEQUATE QUANTITY AND PORTABLE QUANTITY,WHICH
DOES NOT CAUSE ADVERSE EFFECT ON HUMAN HEALTH.
 WATER DEMANDS

WATER MAY BE REQUIRED BY A VARIOUS

PURPOSES BASED ON THE PRESENT POPULATION
,SOCIAL GROWTH ,INDUSTRIAL GROWTH
,RESIDENTIAL GROWTH AND FUTURE
DEVELOPMENT PLANS .

IT IS NECESSARY TO ESTIMATE THE VARIOUS

DEMANDS OF WATER FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES.
TYPES OF WATER DEMAND:

DOMESTIC DEMAND

INDUSTRIAL DEMAND

COMMERCIAL DEMAND
DOMESTIC WATER DEMANDS
THIS IS THE BASIC REQUIREMENT AND ACCOUNTS FOR
THE WATER REQUIREMENTS FOR HOUSEHOLD PURPOSE.

HOUSEHOLD PURPOSE INCLUDED

DRINKING,COOKING,BATHING,LAWN
SPRINKLING,,GARDENING,SANITORY PURPOSES,ETC.

THE AMOUNT OF WATER CONSUMPTION PER PERSON

SHALL VERY ACCORDING TO THE LIVING CONDISITION
OF THE CONSUMERS.
 THE MINIMUM DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION FOR A TOWN OR CITY
WITH FULL FLUSHING SYSTEM SHOULD BE TAKEN AT 200 L/H/D

ALTHOUGH IT CAN BE REDUCED TO 135 L/H/D FOR

ECONOMICALLY WEAKER SECTIONS AND LIG COLONIES
DEPENDING UPON PREVAILING CONDITIONS.
 MINIMUM DOMESTIC WATER
CONSUMPTION (ANNUAL AVERAGE) FOR
INDIAN TOWNS AND CITIES WITH FULL
FLUSHING SYSTEM AS PER IS : 1172-1993
USE
CONSUMPTION (L/H/D)
DRINKING 5
COOKING 5
BATHING 75
WASHING OF CLOTHES 25
WASHING OF UTENSILS 15
WASHING AND CLEANING OF 15
HOUSES AND RESIDENCES
LAWN WATERING AND GARDENING 15
FLUSHING OF WATER CLOSETS, ETC. 45
TOTAL 200
 MINIMUM DOMESTIC WATER
CONSUMPTION (ANNUAL AVERAGE)
FOR WEAKER SECTIONS AND LIG COLONIES
IN SMALL INDIAN TOWN AND CITIES

USE IN CONSUMPTION
(L/H/D)
DRINKING 5
COOKING 5
BATHING 55
WASHING OF CLOTHES 20
WASHING OF UTENSILS 10
WASHING AND CLEANING OF
HOUSES AND RESIDENCES 10
FLUSHING OF WATER CLOSET,ETC. 30
TOTAL 135
 CALCULATION WATER DEMAND FOR
DOMESTIC PURPOSES FOR 2000 PEOPLE
PER PERSON PER DAY =135 L/DAY
TOTAL POPULATION OF TOWNSHIP =2000 PEOPLE

Q=TOTAL POPULATION X WATER REQUIRED PER PERSON PER

DAY
WHERE,
Q=TOTAL QUANTITY OF WATER
Q = 2000 PEOPLE X 135 L/DAY
= 2,70,000 L/D
THEREFORE,
FOR 2000 PEOPLE 2,70,000 L REQUIRED PER DAY.
 CAPACITY OF WATER TANK

CAPACITY OF WATER =TOTAL POPULATION X

WATER REQUIRED TANK 2000 PEOPLE PER PERSON
PER DAY
= 2000 X 135 L/DAY
= 2,70,000 L/DAY
135 L/DAY WATER REQUIRED PER PERSON.
WE ASSUME 5 PERSON PER RESIDENCE.
CAPACITY OF WATER = NO. OF PEOPLE X
WATER REQUIRED PER TANK PER RESIDENCE
PERSON
= 5 X 135 L/DAY
= 675 L/DAY
 WATER SUPPLY IN RESIDENCES IN
TOWNSHIP:
THERE ARE VARIOUS WAYS IN WHICH IT MAY BE
NECESSARY TO OBTAIN THE WATER SUPPLY FOR A
BUILDING.

THE USUAL COURSE IN CITIES AND TOWNS IS TO EMPLOY

THE MUNICIPAL WATER WORKS SERVICE.

THIS, OF COURSE, SETTLES THE SUPPLY FEATURE, AND

THE PLUMBER SIMPLY PROVIDES THE HOUSE AND YARD
PIPE, 5/8-INCH OR LARGER MAIN, ACCORDING TO THE
CHARACTER OF THE WORK. IF OF LEAD, THE PIPE MUST
BE OF STRENGTH ACCORDING WITH THE PRESSURE
THE TWO GENERAL METHODS OF SUPPLYING BUILDINGS WITH
WATER ARE: (1) THE DIRECT SYSTEM ; AND (2) THE INDIRECT OR
TANK SYSTEM.
RAILTOTY, GONDIA
 DIRECT SYSTEM:

THE DIR ECT METHOD, GENERALLY EMPLOYED IN

CITIES, PLACES EACH FIXTURE CONNECTED WITH THE
SUPPLY UNDER THE SAME PRESSURE AS THE STREET
MAIN, UNLESS A REDUCING VALUE IS INTRODUCED,
THUS OFTEN SUBJECTING THE WORK TO NEEDLESS
HIGH PRESSURE AND ALWAYS TO THE WIDELY
VARYING CONDITIONS AND QUALITY OF SERVICE
INCIDENTAL TO SUCH USE.

IN THE DIRECT SYSTEM IT IS GOOD PRACTICE, WHERE

AT ALL PRACTICABLE, TO PIPE AND FIT THE WORK
GENERALLY FOR PRESSURE NOT EXCEEDING 50
POUNDS PER SQUARE INCH, AND THEN USE A
REDUCING VALVE TO MAINTAIN SUCH PRESSURE AS IS
REQUIRED.
DIRECT WATER SUPPLY:
INDIRECT METHOD:
With the indirect system, the connection with the street main is
carried directly to a tank placed in the attic, or at some point
above the highest fixture.
The indirect method is almost always necessarily employed in
isolated work; and even where municipal service is available, it
is generally better for ordinary domestic purposes.

The supply to tank is regulated by a ball-cock which

automatically shuts off the water when the tank becomes full,
and opens and refills it again when water is drawn out.
All the plumbing fixtures are supplied directly from the tank, and
are therefore under a constant minimum pressure depending on
the distance the fixtures are situated below the tank.
The tank storage is a matter of great convenience during repairs
to street mains, aside from its advantages of uniform pressure,
reduced expense of fitting and maintaining low-pressure work,
etc.
INDIRECT WATER SUPPLY:
TYPES

THERE ARE TWO

TYPES OF STORAGE
TANKS IN WHICH
WATER CAN BE
STORED FOR
SUPPLY.

UNDERGROUN
D STORAGE

OVERHEAD
STORAGE
 IMPORTANT POINTS

NECESSARILY
REQUIRED TO
COLLECT WATER
FROM MUNICIPAL
MAINS, IF THE WATER
PRESSURE IS
INSUFFICIENT FOR
DIRECT SUPPLY TO
THE POINT OF USE
OR TO REACH THE
OVERHEAD TANK.
 RESERVOIRS AND
TANKS FOR THE
RECEPTION AND
STORAGE OF
WATER SHALL BE
CONSTRUCTED OF
REINFORCED
CONCRETE BRICK
MASONRY, FERRO
CEMENT PRECAST,
MILD STEEL,
STAINLESS STEEL
OR PLASTIC.
FERRO CEMENT PRECAST,
 DESIGN OF THE TANK SHALL BE SUCH AS TO
PROVIDE FOR THE DRAINING OF THE TANK WHEN
NECESSARY

WATER SHALL NOT BE ALLOWED TO COLLECT

AROUND THE TANK.
 THE TANK SHALL BE
PERFECTLY WATER-
PROOF AND SHALL BE
PROVIDED WITH A
CEMENT CONCRETE
COVER, HAVING A
MANHOLE OPENING,
 THE
UNDERGROUND
TANKS SHOULD
NOT BE LOCATED
IN LOW LYING
AREAS OR NEAR
ANY PUBLIC OR
PRIVATE SEWER,
SEPTIC TANK,