Presented by

NASRIN RAHMAN
M . S c . 3 rd s e m e s t e r
Roll.No-19

121
 INTRODUCTION
 HISTORY
 NATURE OF SUPRAMOLECULAR INTERACTION
 HOST GUEST CHEMISTRY
 CATION BINDING HOST MOLECULE
 MOLECULAR RECOGNITION AND
SUPRAMOLECULAR ASSEMBLY
 APPLICATION
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES
 Supramolecular chemistry refers to the area of
chemistry that focuses on the non-covalent bonding
interaction between molecules. This branch of
chemistry examines the weaker and non-covalent
bonding interaction between molecules. These
forces include H-bonding, metal-coordination,
hydrophobic forces, vanderWaals forces, pi-pi
interaction and electrostatic forces.
HISTORY
The existence of intermolecular forces was first
postulated by Johannes Diderik van der Waals in
1873. However, it is with Hermann Emil Fischer that
supra molecular chemistry has its philosophical roots. In
1890, Fischer suggested that enzyme-substrate
interactions take the form of a "lock and key model“.
Early 1970 molecular recognition in biological systems
attracted synthetic chemists.
1967 discovery of crown ethers(Charles Pederson)

0
OH O O
CH₂-CH₂-Cl NaOH
2 2 O
CH₂-CH₂-Cl 1-butanol O O
OH O
Bis-(2-chloroethyl)ether
Dibenzyl-18-crown-6
Nature of supramolecular interaction
Hydrogen bond interaction.
Dipole dipole interaction.
Ion- ion interaction.
Ion-dipole interaction.
Cation –π interaction.
Anion –π interaction.
π−π stacking.
 Hydrogen bonding
donor acceptor
 Bonding between a hydrogen atom
and an electronegative atom.
 Particular type of dipole-dipole
interaction. Fig: Carboxylic acid dimer

Ion-dipole interaction
 Bonding of ion with polar molecules.
 Applicable both in liquid and solid
state.
Fig : Na(H2O)6
π−π INTERACTION
 HOST-GUEST CHEMISTRY
 Regarded as host guest chemistry.
 Host : Large molecule or aggregate such as enzyme or
synthetic cyclic compounds having a sizeable cavity.
Binding sites of host face inward or converge.
 Guest: Monoatomic cation,simple inorganic anion,
sophisticated molecule such as hormone etc. Binding
sites of guest face outward or diverge.

GUEST HOST SUPRAMOLECULE

Cation binding host molecule:
Cavitands : Allow guest molecules to enter in cavities
both solid and in solution.
0
0 0
K+
0 0
0

Fig: K+(18-crown-6)

Cavitate : Have extramolecular cavities and exist only

in solid phase .Eg :(H20)6 CH4
Molecular recognition and supramolecular
assembly

Supramolecular assembly:
Complex polymolecular entities
result from spontaneous association
of large number of components.
micelles, membranes, vesicles,
liquid crystals, Fig:Supramolecular
assembly [(Fe5L5)Cl]9+
 Medicine: It is important in development of new
pharmaceutical therapies by understandings the interaction at
the drug binding site.
 Material technology: This chemistry have been applied in
the development of new materials.
 Green chemistry: This chemistry has found application in
green chemistry where reaction have been developed which
proceed in the solid state directed by non-covalent bonding.
 Catalysis : A major application of supramolecular chemistry is
the design and understanding of catalysts and catalysis. Non-
covalent interactions are extremely important in catalysis,
binding reactants into conformations suitable for reaction and
lowering the transition state energy of reaction.
 The root of supramolecular chemistry is extended
to physical , organic, inorganic and biochemistry as
well.
 Recent research progress in supramolecular
science is very striking. It embodies the creative
power of chemistry.
By Helena Dodziuk

By Jonathan W. Steed & Jerry L.Atwood