P.S.R.

RENGASAMY COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING FOR WOMEN
SIVAKASI
 COMPACT MICROSTRIP PATCH ANTENNA FOR
WIRELESS APPLICATIONS

GUIDED BY PRESENTED BY
P.Rengalakshmi AP/ECE S.Abirami (952013106005)
S.Bavithra (952013106011)
S.Keerthika (952013106021)
 OBJECTIVE

• To design a microstrip patch antenna for wireless applications in compact size. The
antenna is designed to cover two wireless local area network bands at 2.4-2.5GHz and

5.15-5.85GHz and evaluate the performance of antenna.

 INTRODUCTION
• In recent years wireless device play an major role in communication technology.

• A wireless local area network (WLAN) is a wireless computer network that links two or
more devices using a wireless distribution method within a limited area such as a home,
school, computer laboratory, or office building.

• This gives users that ability to move around within a local coverage area and yet still be
connected to the network. A WLAN can also provide a connection to the wider Internet.

• In which antenna is a essential component for transmitting or receiving the signal.

• Microstrip patch antennas are widely used in wireless device due to their attractive
properties such as light weight, low profile and easy of fabrication.
 BASEPAPER
TITLE : A Dual – Band Highly Miniaturized Patch Antenna

AUTHOR : Ahmad A.Salih

Mohammad S.Sharawi

PUBLICATION : IEEE Antennas and wireless propagation 2015

 ANTENNA
• Antenna is a device that converts radio frequency into alternating current or vice versa.
The antenna is essential component in wireless communication.

TYPES :

• Horn Antenna

• Reflector Antenna

• Micro strip patch Antenna

• Monopole Antenna

• Array Antenna

• Aperture Antenna
 MICRO STRIP PATCH ANTENNA

• Patch antenna is a type of radio antenna with low profile, which can be mounted on a flat
surface.

• Generally patch antenna consists of three layers

i. Patch – top layer

ii. Substrate – middle layer

iii. Ground – bottom layer Fig: Side view of patch antenna.

• The substrate is sandwiched between the ground and patch and its forms patch antenna’s
dielectric medium.
 Fig: Micro strip patch antenna.

APPLICATIONS:
• Micro strip patch antenna are also used in the fields of RFID, mobile communication and
health care.
• Some communication based application of patch antenna are radio altimaters, command and
control system and satellite communication.
 IMPORTANT PARAMETERS
c 2
• Patch Width: Wp =
2f0 εr +1
εr +1 εr −1 h −1
• Effective dielectric constant: εeff = + + [1 + 12 ] 2
2 2 w

c
• Effective Length: Leff =
2f0 εeff

Wp
(εeff +0.3)( h +0.264)
• Line Extension: ∆L = 0.412h Wp
(εeff −0.258)( h +0.8)
• Patch Length: 𝐿𝑝 = 𝐿𝑒𝑓𝑓 − 2∆𝐿
• Ground plane Width: Wg = 6h + Wp
• Ground plane Length: Lg = 6h + Lp
Lp Wp
• Position of feed point: Xf = 2 , Yf =
εeff 2

Where, c = Free space velocity

ΔL= Line extension
𝐿𝑒𝑓𝑓 = Effective length
εeff= Effective permittivity
f0 =Resonant frequency
h=Height of patch antenna
εr =Dielectric constant of substrate.
 HFSS
• HFSS is a commercial finite element method solver for electromagnetic structures
from Ansys.

• The acronym originally stood for high frequency structural simulator.

• It is one of several commercial tools used for antenna design

• Design of complex RF electronic circuit elements including filters, transmission lines,

and packaging.
 FEATURES OF HFSS
• HFSS is a Advanced materials

• Model half, quarter, or octet symmetry

• Calculate far-field patterns.

• Wideband fast frequency sweep

 LITERATURE SURVEY-1
TITLE A Novel Dual-Band Antenna for Wireless Communication
Applications

AUTHOR Xiao-Qi Zhu, Yong-Xin Guo, Senior Member, IEEE and Wen Wu

PUBLICATION IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 2015

PROJECT In this paper at 2.45GHz, a slotted circular monopolar patch antenna is

DESCRIPTION designed for omnidirectional radiation.At 5.8GHz,a u-slot square patch
antenna is designed for unidirectional radiation.The feature of different
radiation characteristics applicable for diverse wireless communication
systems.

ADVANTAGE Improve the impedance matching at high frequency

DISADVANTAGE Multi feed configuration is needed

 LITERATURE SURVEY-2
TITLE Design Of Dual-Band Microstrip Patch Antenna With Defected
Ground Plane For Modern Wireless Applications

AUTHOR Imad Ali and Ronald Y.Chang

PUBLICATION IEEE journal antenna pp. 1-4, 2015

PROJECT DESCRIPTION In this Paper we design and analyze a dual-band rectangular microstrip
patch antenna with defected ground plane for 2.5GHz and 3.5GHz. The
dual band resonance is achieved by etching of slots from the ground
plane.

ADVANTAGE The etching of slots from the ground plane enhances the bandwidth.

DISADVANTAGE Affects the input impedance and increases the effective impedance and
capacitance of the transmission line
 LITERATURE SURVEY-3
TITLE A Compact Dual band Microstrip Antenna for IEEE 802.11a WLAN
Antenna .
AUTHOR U.Chakraborty,A.Kundu,S.K.Chowdhury,Member of IEEE

PUBLICATION IEEE antennas and wireless propagation, vol,13,2014

PROJECT DESCRIPTION The rectangular microstrip patch antenna is realized by two different
single slotted single band with ground plane. This antenna is designed
and analyzed to support IEEE 802.11WLAN band. To achieve maximum
VSWR about 2 is obtained at 5.5GHz.The impedance band width -10 db
is achieved for IEEE 802.11a WLAN band.

ADVANTAGE Easy to design and achieving dual band.

DISADVANTAGE Bandwidth is reduced.

 LITERATURE SURVEY-4
TITLE A Compact CSRR Loaded Dual-Band Microstrip Patch Antena For
Wireless Applications

AUTHOR V.Rajesh Kumar , S.Raghavan .

PUBLICATION IEEE Antennas and Propagation,2013.

PROJECT DESCRIPTION In this paper a dual band microstrip patch antenna on a dielectric substrate
with Complementary Split Ring Resonators(CSRR) employed in the
ground plane. At first, the conventional microstrip patch antenna (MPA)
designed for 3.6GHz.
ADVANTAGE Achieve 30% of bandwidth with operating frequency is3.6GHz.

DISADVANTAGE To avoid the complexity of the design,only the CSRR’s length is varied .
 LITERATURE SURVEY-5
TITLE A CSRR Loaded MIMO Antenna Systems for ISM Band Operation

AUTHOR M.S.Sharawi,M.U.Khan,A.B.Numan and D.N.Aloi.

PUBLICATION IEEE Tansaction on Antennas and Propagation, Vol.61,No.8,pp.4265-

4274,August 2013

PROJECT A 2×2(four- element )multiple –input multiple-output (MIMO)patch

antenna system is designed and fabrication for a 2.45GHz ISM band
DESCRIPTION operation .It uses complementary split- ring resonator (CSRR) loading on
its ground plane for antenna miniaturization. This reduces the single-
element antenna size by 76%.

ADVANTAGE It is used for ISM band applications

DISADVANTAGE Difficult to design due to the usage of multiple antenna .

 LITERATURE SURVEY-6
TITLE Small Antennas in wireless communications

AUTHOR H.Wong,K.Luk,C.H.Chan,Q.Xue,K.K.So and H.W.Lai

PUBLICATION IEEE,vol.100,no.7,pp.2109-2121,July2012

PROJECT In this paper ,an extensive study of the broad band behaviour for slot, half
slot and double slot cut rectangular MSAs (RMSAs) is presented . The slot
DESCRIPTION configuration with different aspect ratios (i.e., length –to width ratio ) for
patch and slot dimensions have been studied .

ADVANTAGE To achieve broadband frequencies

DISADVANTAGE Slot does not introduced any additional mode, but it modifies the
fundamental and higher order mode resonance frequencies of the patch.
 LITERATURE SURVEY-7
TITLE A New Fractol-Baced Miniaturized Dual band Patch Antenna for RF
Energy Harvesting

AUTHOR Sika Shrestha,1 Seong Ro Lee,2 and Dong-You Choi1

PUBLICATION IEEE journal antenna pp. 1-4, 2012.

PROJECT Dual-frequency microstrip antennas for transmission and reception

DESCRIPTION represent promising approach for doubling the system capacity. In this
work, a miniaturized dual band antenna operable at 2.45 and 5.8 GHz is
constructed by modifying the standard microstrip patch antenna geometry
into a fractal structure.

ADVANTAGE Operating at wideband frequency.

DISADVANTAGE Complicate to design the fractal design in the antenna

 LITERATURE SURVEY-8
TITLE A Compact Single -Layer Dual-Band Micostrip Antenna for Satellite
Applications

AUTHOR S.H.S Esfahlani ,A.Tavakoli,and P.Dehkhoda

PUBLICATION IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation ,Vol.10,pp.931-934,September

2011.

PROJECT In this paper a compact single layer is used for the dual band satellite
DESCRIPTION applications. The probe radius is 2.5mm results in the increment in the
fringe inductive at the feed. This patch antenna may be divide in to three
antenna .
ADVANTAGE Easy to design and achieving dual band .

DISADVANTAGE It contains two patch antennas.

 LITERATURE SURVEY-9
TITLE Compact Broad Dual-Band Antenna Using A Shorted Patch With A
Thick Air Substrate for Wireless Body Area Network Application

AUTHOR G.Liu,D.Wang,F.Jin and S.Chang

PUBLICATION IEEE.,18-21,2011.

PROJECT In this paper a comprehensive account is given on the development of this

DESCRIPTION antenna. Emphasis is placed on experimental and simulation results for
various U-slot topologies, illustrating the antenna’s versatility in several
practical applications .
ADVANTAGE This antenna is useful for body area network.

DISADVANTAGE Complicate to design because of many layers are used

 LITERATURE SURVEY-10
TITLE Dielectric-Covered Dual-Slot Antenna for Dual band Application

AUTHOR BinLi,Member,IEEE,andKwokWa Leung,senior Member,IEEE

PUBLICATION IEEE transactions on antenna and propagation,vol,55,No.6,2007

PROJECT A dual band antenna that consist of two radiating slots. Slots are obtained
DESCRIPTION by L-probe fed .Slots are coated by dielectric layer. That are used in
2.4/5.2GHz IEEE 802.11a/b WLAN application.

ADVANTAGE Operating in broadband frequencies.

DISADVANTAGE Resonant frequencies and bandwidths of two modes are decreased

because of increasing dielectric constant.
 EXISTING SYSTEM
• In this existing work to design the dual band highly miniaturized antenna.

• The existing antenna uses the substrate Rogers RO4350 with dielectric constant 3.48

• The existing antenna have been fed as co-axial feeding.

• The existing patch antenna having poor bandwidth, gain and VSWR compared to other
antennas.

• The efficiency of antenna is moderate due to the poor performance of antenna.

 DISADVANTAGES

• The antenna size is large compared to the proposed dimension.

• Manufacturing cost is high.

• Bandwidth and gain is too small.

• The antenna has VSWR value is very high.

 PROPOSED WORK
• In the proposed work, the highly miniaturized dual-band patch antenna is designed.
• The proposed antenna have substrate as FR4 material with dielectric constant 4.4.
• The miniaturization is done by using Defected Ground Structure and shorting pin.
• Due to the U-slot in the ground plane, the maximum return loss is achieved.
• By using the coaxial feeding, which achieves the highest performance for the
designed antenna.
• simulation is done by using HFSS.13(High Frequency Structure Simulator) and to
find the return loss, radiation pattern, VSWR and bandwidth.
 ADVANTAGES

• Antenna size is reduced

• Bandwidth is increased.

• Easy to implement.

• VSWR is low than existing antenna.

• Low cost.
 FLOW DIAGRAM
Open the HFSS software

Create a new project Substrate model in To setup the analysis

design design

Select patch model Assign frequencies

Assign boundaries & To design the bottom & To assign vacuum

excitation top patch boundary for radiation

To feed the antenna and

apply miniaturization Finally get results
technique
 CREATE SUBSTRATE & PATCH

Fig: Substrate Fig: Substrate and Patch

 DGS DESIGN AND SHORTING PIN

Fig: Defected ground structure Fig: Shorting pin

 CO-AXIAL FEED

Fig: Top view

Fig: Side view
 EXISTING DESIGN

• Length and width of the substrate: 20mm×18.8mm

• Substrate material: Rogers RO4350

• Slot: U-Slot

• Feed: Probe feed

• Shorting pin and Defected Ground Structure

Fig: Existing Antenna

 PROPOSED DESIGN

• Length and width of the substrate:14mm × 14mm

• Substrate material: FR4

• Slot: U-Slot

• Feed: Probe feed

• Shorting pin and Defected ground structure.

Fig : Compact proposed antenna
 RETURN LOSS

XY Plot 1 HFSSDesign1 ANSOFT

0.00 Curve Info
dB(St(Circle3_T1,Circle3_T1))
Setup1 : Sw eep

-2.50

Name X Y
dB(St(Circle3_T1,Circle3_T1))

-5.00 m1 2.7000 -14.0907

m2 5.3400 -13.8989

-7.50

-10.00

-12.50

m1 m2

-15.00
2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00
Freq [GHz]

Fig: Existing design Fig: Proposed design

 RADIATION PATTEREN

Radiation Pattern 1 HFSSDesign1 ANSOFT Radiation Pattern 1 HFSSDesign1 ANSOFT

0 Curve Info Curve Info

0
dB(GainTotal) dB(GainTotal)
-30 30 Setup1 : LastAdaptive -30 30 Setup1 : LastAdaptive
-20.00 Freq='2.4GHz' Phi='0deg'
-15.00 Freq='2.6GHz' Phi='0deg'

-25.00 -20.00
-60 60 -60 60
-30.00 -25.00

-35.00 -30.00

-90 90
-90 90

-120 120
-120 120

-150 150
-150 150
-180
-180

Fig: Existing work Fig: Proposed work

 3D RADIATION PATTEREN

Fig: Proposed work

Fig: Existing work
 VSWR
XY Plot 2 HFSSDesign1 ANSOFT
60.00
Curve Info
dB(VSWRt(Circle3_T1))
Setup1 : Sweep

50.00

40.00

dB(VSWRt(Circle3_T1))
Name X Y
30.00 m10 2.3200 1.4293
m11 5.2200 2.1980

20.00

10.00

m10 m11

0.00
2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00
Freq [GHz]

Fig: Existing work Fig: Proposed work

 BANDWIDTH

Fig: Existing antenna Fig: Proposed antenna

 CONCLUTION
Here a compact dual band patch antenna is proposed, it is suitable for Wireless Local
Area Network. The antenna is designed to resonate at two bands 2.4GHz and 5.2GHz. The
dual band property is obtained by etching U slot in the ground plane as part of the Defected
Ground Structure and the rectangular slot to increases the current path and matching the
antenna at desired frequency. The size reduction of an antenna is achieved by a shorting pin.
Here Electrically Small Antenna is designed on FR4 substrate with 14×14×0.76mm3.Return
losses of an antenna are -21dB and -17dB at 2.34GHz and 5.23GHz respectively. A good
radiation pattern over the operating band has been obtained.
 REFERENCES

[1] Ahamad A.Salih and Mohammad S.Sharawi , “Compact microstrip patch antenna for
wireless applications ,” IEEE Antennas and Wireless propagation,2015.

[2] H.Wong, K.Luk, C.H.Chan,Q.Xue,K.K. So and H.W.Lai, “Small antennas in Wireless

communications ,” proceedings of the IEEE , on July 2012.

[3] Bin Li , Member , IEEE , and Kwok Wa Leung , senior Member , IEEE , “Dielectric-
Covered Dual-Slot Antenna for Dual band Application” , IEEE transactions on antenna and
propagation,vol,55,No.6,2007.
 REFERENCES
[4] Zhibin Zeng, Yindi Yao, and Yiqi Zhuang “A Wideband Common-Mode Suppression
Filter With Compact-Defected Ground Structure Pattern”. Journal IEEE,2015.

[5] Xiu Yin Zhang, Wen Duan, and Yong-Mei Pan “High-Gain filtering Patch Antenna
without Extra Circuit”. Journal IEEE,2015.

[6] Wing Chi Mok, Sai Hoi Wong, Kwai Man Luk, and Kai Fong Lee “Single-Layer Single-
Patch Dual-Band and Triple-Band Patch Antennas”. Journals & magazine IEEE ,2013
 REFERENCES
[7] Wing Chi Mok , Sai Hoi Wong, Kwai Man Luk , and Kai Fong Lee ,” Single layer
single patch Dual band and Triple band patch antennas” , IEEE transactions on antenna
and propagation,vol,61,No.8,2013.

[8] Yazid Yusuf1, Haitao Cheng2, Xun Gong “Co-designed substrate-integrated

waveguide filters with patch antennas”. Journals IEEE,2013.

[9] K. F. Lee1 , K. M. Lu, K. M. Ma, and S. L. S. Yang1 “On the Use of U-Slots in the
Design of Dual-and Triple-Band Patch Antennas”. Journals & magazine IEEE ,2011.
THANK YOU