Research methods in business

December 7, 2021
Project By:- Khushboo Miss
 Fundamentals of Research:-

Meanings & Defination:-

 Research in common Language refers to a search for knowledge.

 One can also define research as a scientific and systematic search
for pertinent information on a specific topic.
 It can be also defined as a careful investigation or inquiry
specially through search for new facts in any branch of
knowledge.
 Redman and Mory define research as a systematized
effort to gain new knowledge.
 Some people consider research as a movement from the
known to the unknown.

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 Fundamentals of Research:-

Objective:-

 To gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to achieve new

insights into it (studies with this object in view are termed as
exploratory or formulative research studies.
 To portray accurately the characteristics of a particular
individual, situation or a group (studies with this object in view
are known as descriptive research studies);
 To determine the frequency with which something occurs or
with which it is associated with something else (studies with this
object in view are known as diagnostic research studies).
 To test a hypothesis of a casual relationship between variables
(such studies are known as hypothesis-testing research studies).

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 Fundamentals of Research:-

Fundamental Research:-

 Research which are basic or pure are called Fundamental research.

 Fundamental research is mainly concerned with generalizations
and with the formulation of a theory.
 “Gathering knowledge for knowledge’s sake is termed as pure or
‘basic’ research”.
 Research concerning some natural phenomenon or relating to pure
mathematics are also an example of fundamental research.
 Thus, the central aim of fundamental research is directed towards
finding information that has a broad base of application and thus,
adds to the already existing organized body of scientific
knowledge.
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 Fundamentals of Research:-

Applied Research:-

 Research which are based on action are applied research

 Applied research aims at finding a solution for an immediate
problem facing a society or an industrial/business organization.
 Research aimed at certain conclusions or solution facing a concrete
social or business problem is an example of applied research.
 Research to identify social, economic or political trends that may
affect a particular solution is called Applied Research
 Research to find out whether certain communications will be read
and understood or the marketing research or evaluation research are
examples of applied research.
 Thus, the central aim of applied research is to discover a
solution for some pressing practical problem,.

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 Fundamentals of Research:-

Research Design:-
A research design is the detailed blueprint used to guide a
research study toward its objectives.
The process of designing a research study involves many
interrelated decisions.
 The most significant decision in research is the choice of
research design, because it determines how the information will be
obtained.
To design something also means to ensure that the pieces fit
together.

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 Fundamentals of Research:-

Types of Research Designs.

 
The different research designs can be categorized into research
design in case of:

1) Exploratory Research Studies.

2) Descriptive And Diagnostic Research Studies
3) Hypothesis- Testing Research Studies (Experimental
Studies)

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 Fundamentals of Research:-

1) Exploratory Research Studies:-

 
 Also termed as formulative research studies.
 Purpose of such studies is formulating a problem for more
precise investigation.
 Major emphasis is on the discovery of ideas and insights.
 Research design has to be flexible enough to provide
opportunity for considering different aspects of a problem
under study.
 Inbuilt flexibility is essential.

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 Fundamentals of Research:-

Descriptive And Diagnostic Research Studies

 
 Descriptive research studies are concerned with describing the characteristics
of certain individuals or a group. E.g. studies concerning whether certain
variables are associated.
 Diagnostic research studies determine the frequency of with which
something occurs or its association with something else. E.g. studies
concerned with specific predictions, with narration of facts and
characteristics concerning individual, group or situation.
 The descriptive as well as diagnostic research studies share common
requirements. In both the studies, the researcher must be able to define
clearly, what he wants to measure and must find adequate methods of
measuring it.
 The aim is to obtain complete and accurate information, hence, the
procedure to be used must be carefully planned.
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 Fundamentals of Research:-

Hypothesis Research (Experimental Research):-

 
 Hypothesis research (experimental studies) are those where the
researcher tests the hypothesis of casual relationship between variables.
 Such studies require procedures that will not only reduce bias and
increase reliability, but will permit drawing inferences about causality.

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 Fundamentals of Research:-

Types of Research Approach:-

 There are two main Research Approach.

1) Qualitative Approach.
2) Quantitative Approach.

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 Fundamentals of Research:-

Qualitative Approach:-
 
Qualitative research is a method of inquiry appropriated in
many different academic disciplines, traditionally in the social
sciences, but also in market research and further contexts.
Qualitative researchers aim to gather an in-depth understanding
of human behavior and the reasons that govern such behavior.
The qualitative method investigates the why and how of
decision making, not just what, where, when. Hence, smaller
but focused samples are more often needed, rather than large
random samples.

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 Fundamentals of Research:-

Quantative Approach:-
 
Quantitative research is the systematic scientific investigation
of quantitative properties and phenomena and their
relationships. The objective of quantitative research is to
develop and employ mathematical models, theories and/or
hypotheses pertaining to natural phenomena. The process of
measurement is central to quantitative research because it
provides the fundamental connection between empirical
observation and mathematical expression of quantitative
relationships.

December 7, 2021
 Presented by:

 Deepak Tiwari
 Suresh Rajak
 Rehman Vanzara
 Sanjeev Beniwal
 Shadad sayed

December 7, 2021
 Fundamentals of Research:-

Thank you

December 7, 2021