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LECTURE #27-28-29
It is defined as “ to drain out water, or to dispose –
off, or to transport water from a mine”.
1. PREVENTIVE MEASURES
2. PROTECTIVE MEASURES
These measures are used to keep the water from
entering into mine.
1.PREVENTIVE MEASURES
The aim of such techniques is to prevent or delay
inflow of water or reduce its intensity.
1.PREVENTIVE MEASURES
b) By retreat mining from bottom to top.
2. Divert, drain or intercept water near surface,
a) Divert drain streams, lakes, rivers, etc.
b) Catch water in ditches or in shafts to prevent inflow
to the deeper sections of mine.
3. Protective layers and barriers
a) By leaving enough solid ground between mine and
water,
b) By leaving pillars on fissures to minimize inflow.
1.PREVENTIVE MEASURES
The following precautions can be established to
keep away the water from a mine or to minimize
the inflow;
i. Avoiding the sitting of shaft, bore hole and other
opening in low spots on the surface,
1.PREVENTIVE MEASURES
iii. Preventing the water influx when aquifer might
be more difficult,
1.PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Some more important ways of preventing water
influx in mines include;
i. Design of excavation minimizes breaking to
aquifers or to surface through appropriate
width/depth(w/d)ratio.
ii. Proper sitting of shafts to avoid low spots and
the use of pre-grouting during sinking and
lining of the shafts
1.PREVENTIVE MEASURES
iii.Providing adequate pillar support under water
bodies or underground aquifer, or alternatively
providing mine pillar design based on proper
(w/d)ratio.
iv. Connecting all exploratory drill holes so that
water can not accumulate into them.
v. Keeping test holes properly dried ahead of
active workings when approaching a suspected
abandoned mine using the old workings as a
sump
1.PREVENTIVE MEASURES