Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cost of
Quality
Rework
Scrap Repair
Reinspection
Standardize Improvement
Follow up
Repeat
Characterize
LSL USL
TT
USL
Optimize
LSL
LSL USL
Breakthrough
T
LSL’ USL’
Sigma DPMO
Level
2 308,770
3 66,811
4 6,210
5 233
6 3.4
Defect Levels Corresponding to Sigma Levels
Sigma Level Comparisons
Three Sigma Quality Level Six Sigma Quality Level
Both are very efficient in their pit stops- they are LEAN
8-14 seconds to change 4 tires, receive fuel, make
adjustments
What does that have to do with the DoD?
We are terribly inefficient in our depot and field
maintenance
Logistics footprint is huge, Sys. design needs improved
NASCAR Innovation and CPI
May 2006
Questions?
Resources
PURCH.
ADMIN.
CPI
Methods Marketing
QA MFG.
MAINT.
Cellular Manufacturing Flow
Six Sigma
Unlike Kaizen and Lean requires significant
investment, training
Dedicated resources
Time consuming – 2-6 Mo
Uses sophisticated tools- reliance on
statistics
Used for toughest problems- not low hanging
fruit
Capable of breakthroughs of significant
magnitude
Improves process capability and reduces
variation
Finds the sweet spot in the process operating
window
3 Sigma Process
68.26 percent
95.46 percent
99.73 percent
MM74
6 Sigma Process
u-6 u-5 u-4 u-3 u-2 u-1 s u u+1 u+2s u+3 u+4 u+5 u+6
68.26%
95.44%
99.73%
99.993%
99.999943%
99.999998%
Definition of a Value Stream
The VALUE STREAM is the entire set of processes or activities performed
to transform the products and services into what is required by the
customer.
Suppliers
Suppliers Design
Design Procure
Procure Make
Make Sell
Sell Customers
Customers
Best Quality - Lowest Cost - Shortest Lead Time - Best Safety - High Morale
through shortening the production flow by eliminating waste
Just-In-Time People & Teamwork Jidoka
“Right part, right amount,
right time”
• Selection • Ringi decision making (In-station quality)
• Common Goals • Cross-trained “Make Problems Visible”
• Takt time • Automatic stops
planning • Andon
• Continuous flow Continuous Improvement • Person-machine
• Pull system separation
• Quick changeover • Error proofing
• Integrated • In-station quality
Waste Reduction control
logistics • Genchi Genbutsu • Eyes for Waste • Solve root cause of
• 5 Why’s • Problem Solving problems (5 Why?)