Professional Documents
Culture Documents
?
Ô
m
6 In physics, Ú Ú is the study of the production of very low
temperature(below χ150 °C, χ238 °F or 123 K) and the behavior of
materials at those temperatures .
m
M Cryogenic technology involves the use of rocket propellants at
highest energy efficiency for rocket engines that need to produce large
amounts of thrust.
with RL-10 engines, registered its first successful flight in 1963 and is still
used on the Atlas V rocket.
Then The Japanese LE-5 engine flew in 1977 ,French HM-7 in 1979 ,
Chinese YF-73 in 1984 .
The Soviet Union, first country to put a satellite and later a human in
space, successfully launched a rocket with a cryogenic engine only in 1987.
Ô
m
©
At the time, ISRO gave the impression that much of the technology
had already been acquired and further development would be quick.
Before going to the gas generator, the incredibly chilly liquid hydrogen
is used to cool the thrust chamber where temperatures rise to over
3,0000 ° Celsius when the engine is fired.
? Ô
The Indian cryogenic engine is produced by Godrej and the
Hyderabad-based MTAR Technologies working together as a
consortium.
6 The GSLV D3, which lifted off well from Sriharikota on Thursday, April
15, 2010 later plunged into the sea as the indigenous cryogenic engine
failed to ignite.
6 The vehicle lifted off as planned at 4.27 p.m. and its performance was
normal up to the end of its second stage till 293 seconds from the lift-
off.
6 An authoritative former ISRO official said: DzIt is very clear that the
cryogenic engine did not ignite when you look at the curve [of the
vehicle's trajectory]
6 the vehicle developed problems when the cryogenic upper stage should
have ignited 304 seconds after the lift-off, and it fell into the sea
÷
6 High Energy per unit mass:
Propellants like oxygen and hydrogen in liquid form
give very high amounts of energy per unit mass due to
which the amount of fuel to be carried aboard the rockets
decreases.
6 Clean Fuels
Hydrogen and oxygen are extremely clean fuels. When they
combine, they give out only water. This water is thrown out of the
nozzle in form of very hot vapour. Thus the rocket is nothing but
a high burning steam engine
6 Economical
Use of oxygen and hydrogen as fuels is very economical, as
liquid oxygen costs less than gasoline.
Drawbacks:
6 Boil off Rate
6 Leakage
6 Hydrogen Embrittlement