Emmanuel Kretapradhana; Jeong Uk Lee; Maria Faksova

Managament & Leadership across cultures

September 2010

TAYLOR‘S THEORY
MASLOW‘S THEORY
F.W.Taylor (1856-1915)

 To improve industrial efficiency

 Scientific management

 Efficiency movement
Reasons for creating scientific management

 Factories were developing in 19th century

(even though factories were increased, productivities were not increased)

 The most of employees made minimal effort at

work (they only thought about unemployment)

 To make win- win situation from employees and

employers (piece-rate system which related money, increasing profits of
factory)
F.W. Taylor and scientific management
 Goal of Taylor is to develop one best way of employees’ productivities

 To develop a science for an individual’s work (incentive, motion study)

 Scientifically training, teaching and developing the worker

 Good cooperation

 Divide work & responsibility between managers & workers

 Managers: supervising, setting up instructions & designing the work

 Workers are the work itself: be free to perform

A. H. Maslow (1908 - 1970)
 Maslow. 1954: Human beings are motivated by unsatisfied needs, and
certain lower factors need to be satisfied before higher needs can be
satisfied. It‘s important that leadership understands the active needs for
individual employee motivation.

 Millmore, M. Et al. 2007: Maslow’s ‚hiearchy of needs‘ suggests that

people’s needs change as they ascend a hiearchy, which has basic needs for
food, security, etc. At the lowest level, with self-actualisation at the
highest.

 Latham, G.P. 2007: Maslow posited that there is a hierarchy of five sets of
goals for which people strive in seeking satisfaction of their basic needs.
Needs determine the reportoire of behaviours that a person develops in
order to satisfy each goal.
Comparison

 Taylor‘s theory  Maslow‘s theory

Advantages:
 To improve
productivities
 To give motivation
 To improve motion study
Disadvatages:
 Ignoring employees’
feeling of work
 Machine= human
Advantages:
 Self actualization
 Self motivation
Disadvantages:
 Cultural difference
 Easy to fail
 References
 Bratton, J. and Gold, J. Work and Work Organization. 2003. Palgrave
Macmillan: New York

 Gill, R. Theory and Practice of Leadership. 2006. Sage: London.

 Latham, G.P. Work Motivation, History, Theory, Research, and Practice.

2007. Sage Publications, Inc. USA.

 Maslow, A.H. Motivation and personality. 1954 Harper: New York

 Millmore, M. Et al. Strategic Human Resource Management,

Contemporary Issues. 2007. Pearson Education Limited. Essex.
THANK YOU ;)