• Dopamine active during emotional responses, addictive behaviors, and
pleasurable experiences.
• Serotonin neurotransmitter that mediated satisfaction, happiness and optimism
REWARD PATHWAY
• The mesolimbic pathway, sometimes referred to as the reward pathway, is
a dopaminergic pathway in the brain.
• The mesolimbic pathway is a collection of dopaminergic (i.e., dopamine-releasing)
neurons that project from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the ventral striatum, which includes the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and olfactory tubercle. HEDONIC HOTSPOTS
• Distribusi Reward Pathway melalui
mekanisme hedonic yang ditemukan di deep in the brain (nucleus accumbens, ventral pallidum, brainstem) dan di cortex (orbitofrontal, cingulate, medial prefrontal, and insular cortices). TOLERANCE AND WITHDRAWAL