WHY SOIL DATA?

• Properties of soil determines the design of the retaining wall

• Such as :
 Unit weight
 Angle of Friction
 Cohesion
 Lateral Earth Pressure
 Subsurface Soil Exploration
Lab experiments exposed:
 Moisture Content (AASHTO T-265)
 Atterberg Limits (AASHTO T-89/90)
 Unit Weight

Requirements are based on:

IDOT Geotechnical Manual (1999)
 American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM)
 American Association of State Highway and Transportation (AASHTO)
Subsurface Site Investigation
 Standard Penetration Test (SPT)
 Using a Diedrich D-50 truck mounted drilling (AASHTO T-206)
 Uses a 3 ¼ inch I.D Hollow
 Soil layer

Proposed Granular Fill γ = 120 pcf @ 18.85 kN/m3 ; Depth = 0

Existing Granular Fill γ = 120 pcf @ 18.85 kN/m3 ; Depth = 0.61 metres

Black and Gray Fill γ = 120 pcf @ 18.85 kN/m3 ; Depth = 0.91 metres

Stiff Clay γ = 130 pcf @ 20.42 kN/m3 ; Depth = 1.83 metres

Very Stiff to Silty Clay γ = 135 pcf @ 21.21 kN/m3 ; Depth = 8.84 metres
 Soil parameters

Undrained Soil description Drained

c =0 ; ϕ = 30° Proposed Granular Fill c = 0 ; ϕ = 30°

c = 0 ; ϕ = 30° Existing Granular Fill c = 0 ; ϕ = 30°

c = 1000 psf @ 47.88 kN/m2 Black and Gray Clay Fill c = 0 ; ϕ = 26°
;ϕ=0

c = 1500 psf @ 71.82 kN/m2 Stiff Clay c = 0 ; ϕ = 28°

;ϕ=0

c = 3500 psf @ 167.58 Very Stiff to Hard Silty Clay c = 100 @ 4.79 kN/m2 ; ϕ =
kN/m2; ϕ = 0 30°
 Seismic Parameters
 Seismic parameters are based on:
1. IDOT Geotechnical Manual
2. IDOT Bridge Design Manual
3. AASHTO LRFD (Load and Resistance Factor Design)

 Analysis
Global Site Class Definition = Soil Class Site C
Seismic Performance Zone = Seismic Performance Zone 1
Liquefaction is minimal based on 2014 AASHTO
Building Code Reference PGA SDS SD1

2014 AASHTO Guide for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design 0.049g 0.127g 0.069g
 Slope Stability

Analysis Exhibit Station Failure Type Factor of Required Minimum

Safety Factor of Safety

Exhibit 1 Circular – Short Term 11.5 1.5

Exhibit 2 57+75 Circular – Long Term 3.5 1.5

Exhibit 3 Block (Sliding) – Short Term 8.5 1.5

Exhibit 4 Block (Sliding) – Long Term 2.4 1.5

 Lateral Earth Parameters
Soil Description Active Earth Passive Earth At rest Earth Lateral Soil Strain Adhesion (Ca) Friction Angle
Pressure Pressure Pressure Modulus of (ε50) between steel
Coefficient (Ka) Coefficient (Kp) Coefficient (Ko) Subgrade and soils
Reaction (degrees)
(kN/m3)

Proposed Granular Fill 0.33 3.00 0.50 24430.2 N/A N/A 17

Existing Granular Fill 0.33 3.00 0.50 24430.2 N/A N/A 17

Black and Gray Clay 0.39 2.56 0.80 135723 0.007 35.91 14

Stiff Clay 0.36 2.77 1.00 203585 0.007 46.68 15

Very Stiff to Hard Silty 0.33 3.00 1.00 475032 0.005 57.46 16
Clay