Name : Faiza Raees

Subject : Culture Heritage in Pakistan

Date : 17.01.2017
Craft Tradition Of Indus Valley
Civilization
And their Legacy In Modern Pakistan

By: J. Mark Kenyor

INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION
INTRODUCTION
 The Indus Valley Civilization was one of the
world's first great urban civilizations. It
flourished in the vast river plains and adjacent
regions in what are now Pakistan and western
India
CRAFT TRADITION: THE ROOTS OF THE
HISTORICAL PATTERN OF CRAFT PRODUCTION
CAN BE TRACED BY THE THOUSAND OF THE
YEAR TO THE EARLY VILLAGES AND THE CITIES
OF THE GREATEST INDUS REGION
DIFFERENT CRAFT WORK
 Stone working
 Bead making

 Glazed, Firt and glass

 Textile

 Metal working
STONE WORKING
 Rocks are among the most commonly available material to
make the utilitarian tool and container.
 Oldest example: chipped stone tool
 Sharp stone blades(10,000-1900b.c)

 Hill made up “chert and limestone” it s the important tool for

production ancient stone tool such as axes and chopper” 500,000
year ago
ALABASTER
ANOTHER TYPE OF STONE “ WHITE ALABASTER THAT IS
USE FOR ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENTS SUCH
AS COLUMN BASE AND LATTICE WORK.
ITS ALSO USE MAKE FOR BANGLES THOUGHT
THESE WERE QUITE SOFT AND INVARIABLY FOUND
BROKEN.
TODAY, VARIOUS COLOR ALABASTER DYED
AND ONYX COLOR USE FOR MAKING A WIDE RANGE OF TILE
AND ORNAMENTAL PIECES.
BEAD MAKING
 One of the most important ancient craft that has continued
unabated into present is the production of beads from
various type of material.
 Oldest beads make “ostrich egg shell”(10,000 year ago)
White disc beads continued to be made I.C
And in late Harappa period
EARLY HISTORIC PERIOD
 White stone beads replace the white shell beads
as well as white glass beads and more valuable
beads made from pearls.
CARNELIAN BEADS, GOD ,AND LAPIS LAZULI
 Towards the end of i.v.c various factor led to
development of highly refined faience production and
eventually the development of glass technology. The
earliest glass beads from Harappa is a deep red-orange
colour that look like a carnelian.

 This glass technology of Indus region set the

foundation of later glass working of early historic
period.
FEMALE FIGURINE
 Female figurine with Elaborate headdress and
male figurine with patloon and turban indicate
the full development of textile production. Blake
painted design or some turban indicate the Blake
goat, wool or deep indigo dye was used make
decorative woven bands.
FAMOUS EXAMPLE OF TEXTILE
 As a king priest the trefoil and circle were
originally filled with red pigment and the
background filled with dark pigment. White color
of the originals stone would have been visible in
the stone of circle, resulting in striking pattern
made of green and blue with red and white
design
SILK IS ANOTHER FIBER USED DURING THE
I.V.C
Two example: silk fabric , woven fabric

 Silk fiber use for threading beads

 Woven fabric of silk have discovered but silk
fabric is important in early historic period
METAL WORKING
Metal working of Indus region earliest Neolithic
period 7000 B.c . Inhabitant of mehrghar collected
the copper and made this red colored metals in to
beads.
Use for cutting the tool such as
the knives and arrowhead.

Copper used in ornaments such as beads, rings and

bangles.
 ARSENICAL BRONZE

 Tin bronze
GOLD
 Earliest gold ornaments come from Ravi /hakra
phase occupation of Harappa in south side. It's
probably obtained in the soan river in Punjab.
silver may com various sources in Baluchistan to
the west.
 Different type of ornaments created in the
precious metal that would have been sewn on
clothing as well as beads, pendant, head band,
and bangles
TODAY
 Many of the gold and silver ornaments is used
today throughout Pakistan may contain traces of
ancient wealth of Indus period.
CONCLUSION
 The craft tradition of the pre-historic and the
early historic period of the greatest Indus region
are very rich. Many different regional style of
craft we seen in Pakistan today. While there are
the much continuities between ancient and
modern technology
FOR EXAMPLE
 The temperature for firing a specific kind of clay
or the easiest method for hammering copper
cannot change because of the nature of material.