Professional Documents
Culture Documents
• Motion
– Whole body
– Localized movement
– Less noticeable movements
• Maintains posture
• Heat production
Classification of muscles
• Morphological classification (based on
structure)
• Striated (striped)
–Skeletal muscle
–Cardiac muscle
• Non-striated or smooth
–Smooth muscle
Functional classification
• Involuntary
– Cardiac muscle
– Smooth muscle
• Voluntary
– Skeletal muscle
• Movement from one place to another,
movement of one part in relation to the
other and maintenance of posture
According to the direction of fibers
• Masseter
– O: Ventral border of the rostral half of the
zygomatic arch
– Origin: transverse
processes of the atlas
Origin: thoracolumbar
fascia
Actions:
Retracts free limb and
flexes shoulder joint
– Three portions : C1 -
rhomboideus capitis muscle, (C1, C2 and C3) rhomboideus
C2 -rhomboideus cervicis
muscle; and C3 -
rhomboideus thoracis
muscle
• Superficial Pectoral muscle
– Two superficial parts, cranial and
caudal, these aren’t very distinct in
the ox
Supraspinatus muscle
• Subscapularis muscle
– Insertion: Olecranon
and antebbrachial fascia
Origin: Lateral
epicondylar crest, the
lateral epicondyle and the
olecranon fossa
Insertion: olecranon
long head of the triceps brachii muscle (A)
medial head (C)
Action: Extends the elbow biceps brachii muscle (D)
and tenses the antebrachial
fascia
Cranial brachial muscles
• Biceps brachii
– Origin: supraglenoid
tubercle of the scapula
– Insertion: Radius
• Inseistal : distal
phalages
• Lateral Digital Extensor
– Insertion: on accessory
carpal bone
– SDF rupture-dropped
fetlock, toe on ground
(J) deep digital flexor
(F) superficial digital flexor
• Deep Digital Flexor (DDF)
Intercostalis Interni
• O: Thoracic vertebral column
• I: Distal ends of the ribs
• A: Draws the ribs together
Intercartilaginei Externi
• O: Unseparated continuations of the intercostales externi
• I: Interchondral spaces
• A: Draws the ribs together
Intercartilaginei Interni
• O: Continuation of the intercostalis interni
• I: Bridges several ribs
• A: Draws the ribs together
Subcostalis
• O: Beneath the internal intercostal muscles at the vertebral ends of
the ribs
• I: Bridges several ribs
• A: Draws the ribs together
Muscles of the Lumbar Trunk
Longissimus Lumborum
• O: Iliac crest and ventral surface of the ilium and spinous
processes and supraspinous ligament
Rectus Thoracis
• O: First rib, opposite the most ventral portion of the scalenus
muscle
• I: Ventral ends of the second through fourth ribs
• A: Inspiration
Diaphragm
• O: Ventral bodies of the second through fourth lumbar vertebrae
via the diaphragmatic tendon
• I: Costal arch of the rib cage
• A: Inspiration
Scalenus
• O: Cranial border of the first rib
• I: Transverse processes of the seventh cervical vertebra and wing
like process of the sixth cervical vertebra
• A: Draws the neck downward. In unilateral action, to bend the
neck sideward when the neck is fixed, the supracostal part can act
in inspiration
Serratus Ventralis
• O: Facies serrata of the scapula
• A: Expiration
Obliquus Externus Abdominis (Pars Costalis)
• O: From the middle parts of the fourth to twelfth ribs and the
adjacent trunk fascia
• O: Last rib
• I: Unites with the tendon of origin of the pectineus muscle and the
prepubic tendon
Transverse Abdominus
• O: Eighth costal cartilage, last lumbar transverse process and tuber
coxae
• I: On the inner surface of the rectus abdominus (linea alba)
• A: Compression and support of the abdominal viscera
Rectus Abdominis
• O: From the sternum and costal cartilage
• I: Unites with the tendon of origin of the pectineus muscle and the
prepubic tendon, and linea alba
– Absent in ruminants
• Middle Gluteal
– Insertion–Greater trochanter
of the femur
Insertion: Greater
trochanter of the femur
deep gluteal (E)
• Biceps Femoris
Adductor (E)
• Semimembranosus
• Quadraceps Femoris
Sartorius (A)
Sartorius (A)
• Tibialis cranialis/cranial
tibial muscle
– Insertion: curves
medially at the tarsus to
insert on the plantar
surface of the metatarsus
• Gastrocnemius muscle