FISIKA BANGUNAN

PENGUKURAN CAHAYA
 SATUAN CAHAYA
Kesatuan dasar yang dipakai untuk mengukur cahaya
dan terang adalah satuan kekuatan cahaya yang diukur
dengan lilin (candela).
 Kekuatan cahaya I candela (cd)
 Kekuatan terang/ E lux (lx)
iluminansi
 Aliran cahaya Ø lumen (lm)
 Jumlah cahaya Q lumen second (lmsc)
 Kecerlangan/ B stilb(cd/m2)
luminansi
PENGUKURAN CAHAYA
Pengukuran dan analisis pencahayaan baik interior
maupun eksterior dapat dilakukan dengan alat
secara langsung ataupun dengan bantuan software.
Salah satu software yang dapat digunakan adalah
Dialux 4.3
Dialux menyediakan data :
 Jenis-jenis lampu yang ada di pasaran
 Gambar 3 dimensi beserta renderingnya
 distribusi cahaya : kuat terang cahaya (lux) dan aliran
cahaya (lumen)
 Photometry : kecerlangan (cd/m2)
E = F .n.N. UF. LLF
A
E = illuminance/kuat terang (lux)
F = luminous flux of light source (lumen)
n = the number of lamps per luminaire
N = the number of luminaires
A = luas area yang diterangi
UF = Utilisation Factor for the luminaire in the room
LLF = Light Loss Factor
 LUMINOUS EFFICACY (LUMENS LAMP WATT)

JENIS LAMPU RANGE OF LUMINOUS LIFE (HOURS)

EFFICACY (LUMENS
LAMP WATT)
TUNGSTEN 8-18 1000-2000
FILAMENT/PIJAR
TUNGSTEN HALOGEN 18-24 2000-4000
MERCURY BLANDED 10-26 5000-8000
MERCURY 36-54 5000-10000 (LIFE
FLUORESCENT REDUCTION 30 %)
TUBULAR 37-90 5000-10000 (LIFE
FLUORESCENT REDUCTION 30 %)
METAL HALIDE 66-84 5000-10000 (LIFE
REDUCTION 30 %)
HIGH PRESSURE 67-121 6000-12000 (LIFE
SODIUM REDUCTION 30 %)
LOW PRESSURE 101-175 6000-12000 (LIFE
SODIUM REDUCTION 30 %)
 COEFFICIENTS OF UTILIZATION
PATTERN ROOM TYPE HIGH LOW REFLECTANCE
REFLECTANCE ROOM FINISHES
ROOM FINISHES
SMALLER (LOW 0,70-0,80 0,60-0,70
CEILING)
INCANDESCENT LARGER (LOW 0,85-0,90 0,80-0,85
DOWNLIGHT CEILING)
LARGER (HIGH 0,90-0,95 0,85-0,90
CEILING)
SMALLER (LOW 0,35-0,45 0,30-0,40
CEILING)
FLUORESCENT LARGER (LOW 0,50-0,60 0,45-0,50
(PRISMATIC LENS) CEILING)
LARGER (HIGH 0,60-0,70 0,55-0,60
CEILING)
SMALLER (LOW 0,30-0,45 0,25-0,35
CEILING)
FLUORESCENT LARGER (LOW 0,55-0,65 0,45-0,55
(PARABOLIC LOUVER) CEILING)
LARGER (HIGH 0,65-0,75 0,55-0,65
CEILING)
 COEFFICIENTS OF UTILIZATION
PATTERN ROOM TYPE HIGH LOW REFLECTANCE
REFLECTANCE ROOM FINISHES
ROOM FINISHES
SMALLER (LOW 0,35-0,50 0,15-0,20
CEILING)
FLUORESCENT LARGER (LOW 0,40-0,65 0,20-0,30
(INDIRECT LUMINAIRES) CEILING)
LARGER (HIGH 0,50-0,75 0,30-0,40
CEILING)
SMALLER (LOW 0,28-0,38 0,05-0,15
CEILING)
HID (INDIRECT LARGER (LOW 0,40-0,55 0,10-0,20
LUMINAIRES) CEILING)
LARGER (HIGH 0,50-0,65 0,10-0,25
CEILING)
 LIGHT LOSS FACTOR

ROOM CATEGORY ELAPSED TIME LLF

(MONTHS)
0-12 0,98
VERY CLEAN 13-24 0,94
25-36 0,90
0-12 0,90
AVERAGE CLEANLINESS 13-24 0,88
25-36 0,85
0-12 0,82
VERY DIRTY 13-24 0,80
25-36 0,75
 E=F.n.N.UF.LLF
A
300 lux = F.n.N.0,45.0,85
10 m2
Jenis lampu fluorescent 80 lumen/watt
@ 40 watt, 1 luminaire berisi 1 lampu
300 = 80.40.1. N.0,45.0,85
10
N= 300.10
80.40.1.0,45.0,85
N= 2,4 N = 2 luminaire
 I
II

III IV

V
AREA I MAIN LOBBY :
JENIS LAMPU : MERCURY FLUORESENT
50 LUMEN / WATT @ 40 WATT
1 LUMINAIRE BERISI 1 LAMPU
KUAT TERANG/ILUMINANSI = 100 LUX
LUAS AREA = 96 M2
UF = 0,75
LLF = 0,98
 E=F.n.N.UF.LLF
A
100 lux = F.n.N.0,75.0,98
96 m2
Jenis lampu fluorescent 50 lumen/watt
@ 40 watt, 1 luminaire berisi 1 lampu
100 = 50.40.1. N.0,75.0,98
96
N= 100.96
50.40.1.0,75.0,98
N= 6,5 N = 7 luminaire