Bioremediation

By
Ayotunde Awosusi
Shalmalee Aidoor
Di Cui
Neesha Kotian
Qi Tang
Overview
 Aim
 Remediation and its types
 Bioremediation
 Bioremediation Strategies
 Microbial bioremediation
 Phytoremediation
 Conclusion and future work
AIM : To review the probability of reviving and improving
bioremediation as the ideal decontamination system.
Introduction
 Bioremediation Technologies
Technology Examples Benefits limitations Factors to
consider

In situ In situ Most cost efficient Environmental Biodegradative

bioremediation Non invasive constraints ability of
Biosparging Treats soil and water Extended indigeneous
Bioaugmentation treatment Microbes.
Monitoring Environmental
difficulties parameters.
Chemical
solubility.

Ex situ Composting Cost efficient Space Excavation

Biopiles Low cost requirements process
Can be done on site Mass transfer
problem
Bioavailability

Bioreactors Slurry reactors Effective use of Excavation Bioaugmentation.

Acqueous reactors inoculants and required Toxic
surfactants. High operating concentration of
Mass transfer cost Contaminants.
High cost
 MICROBIAL BIOREMEDIATION
 Naturally occurring micro-organisms are used in microbial
bioremediation and they are mostly indigenous microbes of the
particular contaminated site.
 This microbes develop ability to metabolize the contaminants via a
process called ADAPTATION.
 Adaptation may be as a result of Enzyme changes, Genetic Mutation or
the selective enrichment of organisms capable of metabolizing the
contaminant.
 ADAPTATION can be particularly efficient in strains that contain
plasmids encoding enzymes capable of metabolizing the contaminants
 Indigenous microbes are mostly preferred to extricate ones may not
survive. Amendments are often used to enhance the natural microbial
environment.
 Amending naturally occurring microbes is often more preferable than
to adding extrinsic microbes to a contaminated site
 Genetically modified organisms(GMOs)

 Genetically modified organisms are believed to be more effective

scavengers of toxic contaminants.

 Effectiveness of naturally occurring micro-organisms have reduced the

need to genetically engineer micro-organisms for bioremediation
sake.

 Also cost of producing GMO’s is high,

 Permit from the EPA is required for a field use with exemptions only to
academic researches which are restricted to field such uncontained.
 Cancel- skepticsm on bbehalf of d general public on d safety of gmos
 E.g. a strain of pseudomonas fluoresens which was engineered to
degrade toxic Naphthalene for bioremediation at the university of
Tennessee and Oak ridge national laboratory.

Four more examples
phytoremediation
 Quote more companies involved in phytoremediation and also examples ofplant involved in
phytoremediation
Conclusion

 Bioremediation processes whether with

micro-organisms, plants, GMOs, Algae are
without doubt one of the principal scientific
developments in tackling environmental
pollutions.
Future of bioremediation
 Bioremediation require researches that will ease the nerves of
the public on issues such as safety and convince local
regulatory agencies on its effectiveness over other
alternatives.

 Bioremediation as at presently still remains the most

important way to achieving environmental purification and
“Greeness” .
References
 M. Vidali. Bioremediation. An overview
Thank you