You are on page 1of 10

GSM TCH Drop Reasons

TCH drop Reason

 Low Signal Strength: UL/DL/BL


 Bad Quality: UL/DL/BL
 Excessive Timing Advance
 Sudden Loss
 Other reason
formulae
Formulae used for TCH drops are as follows:
• Total TCH drop rate, (%) = 100 * ( (<TFNDROP> + <TFNDROPSUB> + <THNDROP> + <THNDROPSUB>) / (<THCASSALL> +
<THCASSALLSUB> + <TFCASSALL> +<TFCASSALLSUB>))

• Share of TCH drops due to Bad Quality DL, (%) = 100 * ((<TFDISQADL> + <TFDISQADLSUB> + <THDISQADL> +
<THDISQADLSUB>) / (<TFNDROP> + <TFNDROPSUB> + <THNDROP> + <THNDROPSUB>))

• Share of TCH drops due to Low SS UL, (%) = 100 * ((<TFDISSUL> + <TFDISSULSUB> + <THDISSUL> + <THDISSULSUB>) /
(<TFNDROP> + <TFNDROPSUB> + <THNDROP> + <THNDROPSUB>))

• Share of TCH drops due to Other reasons, (%) = 100 * ((<TFNDROP> + <THNDROP> + <TFNDROPSUB> + <THNDROPSUB> -
<TFDISTA> - <THDISTA> - <TFDISSUL> - <TFDISSDL> - <TFDISSBL> - <TFDISSULSUB> - <TFDISSDLSUB> - <TFDISSBLSUB> -
<THDISSUL> - <THDISSDL> - <THDISSBL> - <THDISSULSUB> - <THDISSDLSUB> - <THDISSBLSUB> - <TFDISFERUL> - <TFDISFERDL>
- <TFDISFERBL> - <TFDISFERULSUB> - <TFDISFERDLSUB> - <TFDISFERBLSUB> - <THDISFERUL> - <THDISFERDL> - <THDISFERBL> -
<THDISFERULSUB> - <THDISFERDLSUB> - <THDISFERBLSUB> - <TFDISQAUL> - <TFDISQADL> - <TFDISQABL> - <TFDISQAULSUB>
- <TFDISQADLSUB> - <TFDISQABLSUB> - <THDISQAUL> - <THDISQADL> - <THDISQABL> - <THDISQAULSUB> - <THDISQADLSUB>
- <THDISQABLSUB> - <TFSUDLOS> - <TFSUDLOSSUB> - <THSUDLOS> - <THSUDLOSSUB>) / (<TFNDROP> + <THNDROP> +
<TFNDROPSUB> + <THNDROPSUB>))
Low SS

The counter will be incremented if the SS is less than the BSC Exchange
property LOWSSDL, LOWSSUL ( Default : LOWSSDL : -104 dBm;
LOWSSUL : -104 dBm ) at the time of abnormal disconnection.
Low SS - Probable Reasons
• Isolated site. Run MRR and check TA & RxLev distribution. If subs. are on low
TA and low SS drops, then might lack indoor/street coverage. If subs are on
high TA, that could indicate coverage gaps or missing neighbour relation
• Missing Neighbour Relations, run NCS to find missing NR.
• Antenna/Feeders – too much downtilt, incorrect orientation, hidden antenna,
faulty antenna/feeders (check BTS error logs)
• Output power – incorrect power settings, check (BSPWRB, BSPWRT),
• BSC Exchange property – improper LOWSSUL/DL settings
• Unforeseen subscriber behavior – use MS in lifts, car park

• Obstacles – building, hills, tunnel etc.


Low SS
Agressif Tilt

BTS Power increase


Low SS
Hardware problem
DL quality

Drops on DL due to bad quality can be due to:

1. Interference: Check for co-channel, adjacent channel interference and


make the relevant frequency changes.
2. Low BTS output power: output power is less than intended so co-
channel interferes will be heard.
3. Faulty BTS TRX: check hw alarms
4. Feeder problems: water in feeders can cause disturbances
5. Environment: open water might cause too large coverage area causing
disturbance
UL Quality

Drops on UL due to bad quality can be due to:

1. Interference: Check for co-channel, adjacent channel


interference and make the relevant frequency changes.
2. Coverage.
3. Parameters: Correct settings for idle mode reselection
parameters (ACCMIN and CRO) Power control settings, use of
DTX…
4. Handovers: missing neighbours...
UL Quality
UL/DL Quality
1. Check the handover performance of the cell. The HO performance will also look bad especially when you look into the neighbor
relation that has interference. For e.g. adjacent channel. (CNA consistency checking can detect this)

2. Check the antenna direction, position etc. This is to see whether the direction covers the right area, open space area (this can be seen
by having good and updated map)

3. Check the co-channel sites, if found, change frequency and see the result. Mostly, changing the frequency will solve the interference
problem.

4. Check the statistics from Outgoing Handover decision due to bad quality Uplink or Downlink from handover decision. High decision of
handover due to quality will show the direction of interference.

5. Check if the interference is uplink interference (this might be an interference from other MSs) by analyze the ICM band. If found on ICM
> 3, try to change frequency.

6. Check if the frequency hopping on or off. Should be on for 2 TRX, if you find it off, turn on the frequency hopping. Turning on the
frequency will help to reduce interference by interference averaging.

7. Check if DTXU feature is on or off (should be ON =1). If off (=2), turn the DTX feature on. This will save the battery in the MS and
reduce the interference.

8. If the interference is downlink (causing by other BTS interference), Check BTS power regulation. If any poor setting found, correct
parameter setting.

9. Check if DTXD feature is on or off. If off, turn the DTX feature on. This is used to reduce interference and decrease BTS power
consumption

10. If changing frequency or parameter cannot solve the interference for both uplink & downlink, it might be external interference.

11. Check antenna installation, ensure that the antenna is correctly installed

12. Check from the statistics if there is any pattern of bad quality reason.

13. If external interference problem occurs, follow the procedure to report it to Maroc Telecom.

You might also like