DRAINAGE

SYSTEM
IN BUILDINGS

JUSTINE RELUCIO
DRAINAGE SYSTEM
It is the arrangement provided in
a house or building for collecting
or conveying wastewater
through drain pipes , by gravity,
to join either a public sewer or a
domestic septic tank is termed as
house drainage or building drainage.
D Components
of Drainage
R System

A
I PIPES
CHAMBERS
N
A
G TRAPS SANITARY
E FITTINGS
PIPES
TRAPS
SANITARY FITTINGS
CHAMBER
PIPES
In house drainage system pipes may be
designated depending upon the function as
shown below.

• Soil Pipe
• Waste Pipe
• Vent Pipe
• Antisiphonage Pipe
• Rainwater Pipe
SOIL PIPE
• A pipe that conveys the
discharge of water
closets or fixture having
similar functions, with or
without the discharge
from other fixtures, to
the building drains or
building sewer.

• A pipe carrying human

Sewage from W.C.
 WASTE PIPE
• A pipe that conveys liquid waste
from fixture that is free of fecal
matter
• A pipe in a drainage installation that
receives the discharges of any fixture
except water closet and conveys the
same to the soil branch, soil pipe or
house drain.
• Generally, Waste Pipe is smaller in
size than the soil pipe.
 VENT
PIPE
It is a pipe installed to
provide flow of air to or
from the drainage system or
to provide circulation of air
in the drainage system to
protect the water seal of
traps against Siphonage and
backflow pressure.
 ANTI-
SIPHONAGE
PIPE
It is the pipe which is
installed to preserve the
water seal in the trap
through proper
ventilation.
RAIN WATER
PIPE
a pipe that is used to direct
rainwater away from a building,
typically from roof guttering to a
drainage system. It is sometimes
also referred to as a downspout,
drain spout or roof drain pipe.
 TRAPS
• A fitting or device so designed as to
provide when properly vented a liquid seal
that will prevent the back passage of air
without materially affecting the flow of
sewage though it. (Traps are U shaped
fixtures that have Water seal in it.)

• Essentially all plumbing fixtures including

sinks, bathtubs, and toilets must be
equipped with either an internal or
external trap.
TYPES OF TRAPS
• ACCORDING TO SHAPE
 P-TRAP
• A P-trap is a plumbing fixture that has several
purposes. It traps debris that has drained
from the sink and prevents it from forming a
clog deep within the plumbing system, and to
stops sewer gases from passing into the home. P-
traps can be made from PVC pipe or steel, the
latter is often used for exposed plumbing as it
looks more attractive.

• P-Trap: P-traps exit into the wall behind the

sink.
TYPES OF TRAPS
• ACCORDING TO SHAPE
 S-TRAP
• Work similarly as P-traps, the S traps are ideal for water
closet in toilets. S traps are also designed with a screw joint to
make trap removal easy in case of blockage. The only difference
between P trap and S trap is that P trap is used for outlet through
the wall whereas S trap is used for outlet through the floor.

• S-Trap: This trap is usually used with Siphonage pipe.

 Q-TRAP
• Q-Trap: This trap is used in toilet under
water closet.

• The Q traps work similar to the S traps and

used under the water closet in the toilet. The
only difference between S trap and Q trap is that
you install a Q trap in the upper story
toilets and the S traps are used for ground
floors
TYPES OF TRAPS
• ACCORDING TO USE

FLOOR

GULLY
INTERCEPTING
 GULLY TRAP
• Usually found outside the building, gully
traps are best suited to carry waste water
discharge from bathrooms, sinks, and
washbasins. Featuring a minimum 50mm
seal, these traps are deep seal designs that
are connected to the nearest sewer to
prevent entry of foul gasses to the building.

• A Gully trap or gully is provided at a

junction of a roof drain and other drain
coming from kitchen or bathroom.
FLOOR TRAP
• These traps are utilized under the washbasin, sink or shower.
Widely seen in the bathroom these traps are used to collect
wastewater with its 50mm deep water seal.You can find traps for your
bathroom floor in cast iron or UPVC material. These traps are
designed with a removable grating on top of the trap.

• This trap is generally used to admit sullage from the floors of rooms,
bathrooms, kitchen etc. in to the sullage pipe. This is provided with cast
iron or stainless steel or galvanized gratings (Jallis) at its top
INTERCEPTING
TRAP
• Intercepting traps is provided at junction of a house
sewer and municipal sewer for preventing entry of foul
gases of municipal sewer in to the house drainage
system.

• It is the most important plumbing trap that prevents

entry of foul gasses from the public sewer into the
building sewer. Designed with a deep water seal of
100mm these traps are installed at the last main hole of
a building sewerage.
SANITARY
FITTINGS
WASH BASIN
These are plumbing fixtures
mainly used for handwashing.
 SINK BASIN
Sinks are the plumbing fixtures
provided in kitchens for cleaning
utensils.
 BATH TUB
A circular waste hole at the
bottom of bath tub is provided
for drainage purpose. Bath Tub is
the plumbing fixtures provided in
the bathroom for taking bath.
WATER CLOSETS
A water closets is a pan like
water flushed plumbing fixture
designed to remove human
excreta directly and dispose the
same into the soil pipe through
trap.
 URINALS
a bowl or other receptacle,
typically attached to a wall in
a toilet, into which men may
urinate.
TYPES OF
DRAINAGE
SYSTEMS
 TWO PIPE
SYSTEM
This is the best and most
improved system of plumbing.
Two sets of vertical pipes, one for
excreta (night soil) as soil pipe and
another for sullage as waste pipe.
The soil pipes as well as waste
pipes are separately ventilated, by
providing, separate vent pipe or
anti-siphon age pipe. This system
has four vertical pipes.
 ONE PIPE
SYSTEM
Instead of using two separate
pipes for excreta and sullage,
only one vertical main pipe
is provided, which collects
both night soil and sullage water.
The main pipe is ventilated at the
top, in addition, a separate vent
pipe is also provided. This
system has two vertical pipes.
SINGLE STACK
SYSTEM
This system is having a single pipe
for soil, waste and vent without
any separate ventilation pipe. It
uses only one pipe, which carries
night soil as well as sullage and the
same pipe is extended up to 2 m
above roof level with a cowl to act
as vent pipe for removal of gases.
 PARTIALLY
VENTIL ATED SINGLE
STACK SYSTEM
This is an improved form of
single stack system, where the
traps of the water closets are
ventilated, by a separate vent pipe,
called relief vent pipe. This system
uses two pipes as in single pipe
system. The single soil and waste
pipe is connected to vent pipe and
thus cost is reduced.
GREY WATER
RECYCLING
Grey water flows to Surge tank
where is filtered through
coarse filter. Then it is Pumped
to Sand filter then it is
disinfected and then pumped to
Grey water tank. And now this
can again be used for Flusing
purpose.
 END
O F P R E S E N TAT I O N