REPORTING

AND SHARING
THE FINDINGS
 Meaning of Reporting and
Sharing the Findings
The findings of your research are
meant to be reported to or shared
with others because your primary
aim in research is to strengthen
existing knowledge or discover
new information for the
improvement of the world
2
 “ Research is to see what
everybody else has seen, and
to think what nobody else has
thought.
-Albert Szent-Gyorgyi

3
How to Write a
Conclusion
• Return to the Opening
• Drawing Conclusions
• Different Types of Paper
Mean Different Conclusions
• Problem and Solution
• Final Points
 Avoiding Common
Pitfalls
1. Avoid saying “in conclusion” or similar
sayings.
2. Do not wait until the conclusion to
state your thesis.
3. Leave out new information.
4. Avoid changing the tone of the paper.
5. Make no apologies.
Recommendations

Is a critical suggestion
regarding the best
course of action in a
certain situation.
 Why is
Referencing
important?
Referencing is also a way to give credit to the
writers from whom you have borrowed words
and ideas. By citing the work of a particular
scholar you acknowledge and respect the
intellectual property rights of that researcher.
As a student (or an academic) you can draw on
any of the millions of ideas, insights and
arguments published by other writers, many of
whom have spent years researching and
writing. All you need to do is acknowledge their
contribution to your assignment.
 APA Style
⊷ The American Psychological Association (APA) style is a standardized
reference format that social and behavioral sciences have adopted to
present written material in the field. The APA style, originally, a set of rules
that authors use when submitting papers for publications in the journals
of the APA. Established in 1929, the style has since been used to guide
research writers and help them achieve – through the use of established
standards for language, the construction of correct reference citations, the
avoidance of plagiarism, the proper use of headers, among many others –
"minimum distraction and maximum precision".
8
 In-text citation

9
 In-text citation

10
 In-text citation
⊷ REFERENCES: ⊷ Chapter in an E-book:
⊷ The surname is followed by first initials ⊷ Last, F.M. (2000). Title of chapter. In E.
⊷ Year Published Editor (Ed.), Title of book (pp. xx–xx).
⊷ Use (n.d.) if there is no year of publication Retrieved from http://xxxxxxxxx
indicated ⊷
⊷ Book ⊷ Website
⊷ Last, F. M. (2000) Title of Book. City, State: ⊷ Last, F.M. (2000). Title of document.
Publisher. Retrieved from http://xxxxxxxx
⊷ ⊷ Title of document. (2000). Retrieved from
⊷ Whole E-book: http://xxxxxxxx
⊷ Last, F.M. (2000). Title of Book. Retrieved
from http://xxxxxxxxx
11
 In-text citation
Thesis: ⊷ Youtube
Last, F.M. (2000). Title of Thesis. (Level of
Thesis).City.Country. ⊷ Author, A. A. [Screen name]. (Year, month
day). Title of Video [Video file]. Retrieved
Thesis from the Web: from http://xxxxx
Last, F.M. (2000). Title of Thesis. (Level of ⊷ Screen name. (Year, month day). Title of
Thesis). Retrieved from video [Video file]. Retrieved from
http://xxxxxxxxx http://xxxxxxxxx

Dissertations
Last, F.M. (2000). Title of Dissertation
(Doctoral dissertation or master’s thesis).
Retrieved from database name.
(Accession or Order no.)

12
 MLA Style
⊷ MLA style is most commonly used to cite sources within the language
arts, cultural studies, and other humanities. This resource, revised
according to the 8th edition of the MLA manual, offers examples for the
general format of MLA research papers, in-text citations, and the Works
Cited page. For more information, please consult the official MLA
Handbook (8th ed.).

13
 Research
Report
Writing
A report is a structured written presentation
directed to interested readers in response to some
specific purpose, aim or request. Their function is to
give an answer to a question or to give a solution to
a problem.
 Characteristics of an Effective
Report are:
⊷ appropriate to its purpose and
audience
⊷ accurate
⊷ clear and concise
⊷ logical
⊷ well organized with clear
section headings
15
16
17
 Steps in writing a research report

⊷ Step 1: Analyze the tasks

⊷ Step 2: Develop a rough plan
⊷ Step 3: Do the research
⊷ Step 4: Draft the Body
⊷ Step 5: Draft the Supplementary
Material
⊷ Step6: Draft the Preliminary
Material
⊷ Step 7: Polish Your report
18
 Thanks!
ANY QUESTIONS?

19