P R E S E N T E D B Y:

VA L M E N D O Z A S A L A PAT E , M A E D, L P T,
BSED
SOCIAL SCIENCE TEACHER
W H AT I S S O C I E T Y ?

Society is a social
system that is
composed of
people assigned to
perform a definite
task and function
in a social system
called social
institution.
 SUPPORT
THEIR
NEEDS
A PERSON
HAS
DIVERTY OF
NEEDS
LIKE:

Social

Spiritual

Political

Biological

Economic
 W H AT I S A G R O U P ?
A group is constituted by two
or more persons who interact
together and are together
physically.
A group is composed of two or
more persons who have
something in common, are
interacting with each other, and
are guided by a set of norms.
THERE ARE 3 FORMS OF HUMAN
C LU S T E R S T H AT S O C I O L O G I S T S
C O N S I D E R I M P O RTA N T.

The Aggregate
The Social
Category
The Collective
 THE
AGGREGATES.
• Occasionally, we see a number
of persons who come together
without interacting with each
other, like people waiting for a
jeep or bus to come, people
inside a movie house, or people
riding in an LRT/MRT train.
Basically they are unstructed.
SOCIAL CATEGORY
Social category is an
agglomeration where
members possess
common identifying
status characteristics
but do not interact
socially.
 COLLECTIV
E
Crowds, masses,
public and social
movements are
temporary groups which
also interest the
sociologists.
 FACTORS THAT
INFLUENCE GROUPS
1) Motivational base
shared by individuals.
2) Size of the groups.
3) Type of Group goals.
4) The kind of group
cohesion.
 MOTIVATIONAL
BASE SHARED BY
INDIVIDUALS.
People find themselves together
in a related social situation that
may have motivational implications
for the development of groups.
 SIZE OF THE
GROUP.
The size of the group may
range from two a million
members. When it has two
members, it is called dyad
like in a friendship group.
 TYPE OF GROUP
GOALS.
It is frequently
understood that the
structural patterns of
social groups are
affected by their
goals.
a) Old centralized
bereaucratic structure
with the national
government executives
exercising control over
the local units.
b) The other structure
is one where local units
have autonomy in some
aspects of governance
and just coordinate in
other mattera with the
national government
 THE KIND OF
GROUP COHESION
This refers to the extent to
which the members of a
group have the capability to
function and interact
collectively in the direction
of their goals.
 SOCIAL
ORGANIZATIO
N
Social Organization
is a concept that
social scientists
have developed for
the scientific study
of society, culture
and personality.
 THE CONCEPT "
O R G A N I Z AT I O N " WA S U S E D B Y
SOCIOLOGISTS IN TWO
D I F F E R E N T WAY S.
First, to stand for a
relationship among people.
Second, as a type of a
particular social system
called formal organization.
 SOCIAL STRUCTURE
Social Structure refers to the
independent network of roles and
the hierarchyof statues which
define the reciprocal expectations
and the power arrangement of the
members of the social unit guided
by norms.
 SOCIAL FUNCTION
Socail organization has a
component known as social
function.
It refers to the results of action
that occur in relation to a
particular structure and includes
the results of theactivities and
individuals occupying particular
statues.
Primary
Secondary groups
In- groups
Out-groups TYPES OF SOCIAL GROUP

Gemeinschaft and Gesselchaft

- the formal and informal
groups are the classifications
representing ideal types,
theoretical ideas, and
constructs existing only in the
minds.
Gemeinschaft - Is a community of
individuals with close personal and
family ties.
Its is also called " natural will" of
the members where they relate to one
another total personalities.

Gessellschaft - " public life" or the

world itself.
This type of group is characterized by
impersonal, secondary, contractual,
and rationalized relationships.
THE PRIMARY
GROUP
In primary group
relationship, the
total personality of
the human being
is taken into
account. The
relationships are
intimate and face
to face.
SECONDARY GROUP
RELATIONSHIP
This relationship involves a
reaction to only a part of the
individual's personality.
IN- GROUP
- The group which the individual
identifies and which gives him
sense of belonging, solidarity,
camaraderie, esprit de cops and
a protective attitude toward the
other members
THE OUT-GROUP
- is generally viewed
as the outsiders by
the in-group.
• THE REFERENCE
GROUP
-refers to the group
that are significant
to us as models even
though we ourselves
may not be a part of
the group.
STEREOTYPES
- A stereotype is
a group-shared
image of
another group
or category of
people.