INDUCTORS

Prepared by :
Stephie Rose Magno
Reanne Joycee Carrera
WHAT IS AN
INDUCTOR?
INDUCTOR
INDUCTOR
• An inductor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that
stores energy in its magnetic field.

• An inductor is typically made of a wire or other conductor

wound into a coil, to increase the magnetic field.

• Inductors are one of the basic components used in electronics

where current and voltage change with time, due to the ability
of inductors to delay and reshape alternating currents.
• Inductors are coils of various dimensions designed to introduce specified
amounts of inductance into a circuit.

• The inductance of a coil varies directly with the magnetic properties of the
coil.

• Ferromagnetic materials, are frequently employed to increase the inductance

by increasing the flux linking the coil.

• Inductance is measured in Henries (H)

• 1 Henry is the inductance level that will establish a voltage of 1 volt across the
coil
Symbols
But Before We Proceed to Inductors, Lets
Review about Magnetic Field.
• A magnetic field may be represented by a mathematical description of the
magnetic influence of electric currents and magnetic materials. The magnetic
field at any given point is specified by both a direction and a magnitude (or
strength); as such it is a vector field

• Magnetic fields are produced by moving electric charges and the intrinsic
magnetic moments of elementary particles.
Energy Storage
 - The flow of current through an inductor creates a magnetic field (right hand rule).

B field

 - If the current flowing through the inductor drops, the magnetic field will also
decrease and energy is released through the generation of a current.
 FARADAY’S LAW OF
ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
If a conductor is moved
The greater the number of flux lines
through a magnetic field so
cut per unit Time or the stronger the
that it cuts magnetic lines of
magnetic field strength, the greater will
flux, a voltage will be induced
be the induced voltage across the
across the conductor
conductor.

Equation for voltage induced

across a coil if a coil of N turns Increase the number of magnetic
is placed in the region of a flux lines by increasing the speed
changing flux with which the conductor passes
through the field
Properties of an Inductor
 Acts like an short circuit at steady state when connected to a d.c. voltage or
current source.

 Current through an inductor must be continuous

 There are no abrupt changes to the current, but there can be abrupt changes
in the voltage across an inductor.

 An ideal inductor does not dissipate energy, it takes power from the circuit
when storing energy and returns it when discharging.
What is the use of Inductors in
a circuit?
It is used as a protection device for current transients or the rapis changes in
the current that can cause damage in the circuit if used in series. Different kind
of inductors is made for different purpose such as in the surge problem and
current spikes.

Used as Filters together with capacitors and resistor. Since cFast changing
signals cannot hold long enough the reverse EMF or Electro motive Force that
the inductor generates in reponse to change in current. In other terms, when a
problem exist in a circuit won't be passed via transformer into another.
APPLICATION IN DAILY LIFE
SENSORS
- Inductors can be used to sense the magnetic field from a distance. Inductive
sensors are used in an intersection with a traffic light to detect the amount of traffic and
adjust the signal accordingly. This is usually works with trucks and cars.

Transformers
- Combining inductors that have a shared magnetic path that have a shared
magnetic path will form a transformer. Transformer are used in national electric grids as
well to increase or decrease the voltages to the desired amount. This transformer are limited
up to 10kHz.

Motors
- Inductive Motors leverage the magnetic force applied to inductors to turn
electrical energy inti mechanical energy. Induction motors are used in fixed speed that can
power 50/60hz. There is no electriucal contact needed between the rotor and motor.
ANOTHER APPLICATION

- They are used to block AC while allowing DC to

pass.

- Seperate signals of different frequencies, and in

combination of capacitors to make tuned circuit,
used to tune radion and TV recievrs.
PARTS OF INDUCTOR
TYPES OF INDUCTORS
 COUPLED INDUCTORS

Are types of inductos that share a

magnetic path and influence each
other. Are often used as
transformers to step up or step
down voltage, provide isolated
feedback, and in application where
mutual inductance is required.
MultiLayer Inductors

Multilayer inductors get their

name from the layers of coiled wire
that are wound around a central
core. Adding additional layers of
coiled wire to an inductor
increases the inductance but also
increases the capacitance between
the wires. These inductors trade
off higher inductance for a lower
maximum operating frequency.
 Molded Inductors

Inductors that are molded into a

plastic or ceramic housing are
known as molded inductors.
Generally, these inductors have a
cylindrical or bar form factor and
can be found with several types of
winding options.
 Power Inductors

Power inductors are available in a wide variety of

form factors and power levels from surface mounts
inductors that can handle a few amps to through-
hole and chassis mount power inductors that can
handle tens to hundreds of amps. With the amount
of current that power inductors are often subjected
to, large magnetic fields are created. To prevent
these magnetic fields from inducing noise in other
parts of the circuit, it is recommended that
magnetically shielded inductors be used if possible.
 RF Inductors
High-frequency types of inductors, also called radio frequency
of RF inductors, are designed to operate at high frequencies.
These inductors often have a higher resistance and lower
current rating. Most RF inductors have an air core rather than
use a ferrite or other inductance boosting core material due to
the increase in losses when those core materials are used which
would reduce the operating frequency of the inductor.

Due to the operating frequency of the inductor, several sources

of loss become important including the skin effect, proximity
effect, and parasitic capacitance. The skin and proximity effects
effectively increase the resistance of an inductor. Several
techniques are used to help reduce these losses including
honeycomb coils and spider web coils to reduce parasitic
capacitance and litz wire is often used to reduce the skin effect.
Chokes

A choke is an inductor that is designed to block high-

frequency pulses while letting lower frequency pulse
through. Their names come from the choking off or
blocking of high-frequency signals. There are two classes
of chokes, power chokes, and RF chokes. Power and
audio frequency chokes typically have an iron core to
increase their inductance and make them more effective
filters. RF chokes use iron powder or ferrite beads
combined with complex winding patterns to reduce
parasitic capacitance and operate effectively at high
frequencies.
Higher frequency chokes will use non-magnetic or air
cores.
 Surface Mount
Inductors
The push for smaller and more mobile devices has
led to the explosion in options for surface mount
types of inductors. Surface mount inductors are
often used in DC-DC converters, EMI filtering,
energy storage, and other applications. Their small
size and footprint make surface mount inductors an
essential element in the mobile and portable
electronic designer's component toolbox. Surface
mount inductors are available with and without
magnetic shielding, with current capabilities in excess
of 10 amps, and with very low losses.
Thank You!