Anoestrus in Animals: Causes, treatment and

prevention

Presented By : Dr. Akash B. Vaidya

Veterinary Officer,
Baif Institute of Sustainable Livelihood and Development
Gujarat.
 CONTENTS
Background

Introduction

Etiology

Diagnosis

Treatment

Conclusion

References
 Background
 India has emerged as the world’s top dairy nation
with milk production crossing 176.3Million Tonnes in
2017-2018 (NDDB)
 Reproductive performance is one of the most
important factors determining the profitability of
dairy herds
 Anoestrus is one of the major causes of economic
losses in both the dairy and beef industries
(Dziuk and Bellows 1983)
 Introduction
• Definition: Period of sexual inactivity in which
animals fails to exhibit normal oestrus cycle
and no manifestation of heat (Boyd 1977)
 Types
Anoestrus

Suboestrus/Silent heat True Anoestrus

• Not seen in heat at • Inactive ovaries

expected time although •Low progesterone level
they are cycling in milk and blood

Madhuri et al., (2017)

 Etiology
Physiological Pathological Other

1. Nutrition 1. Pyometra 1. Congenital

2. Lactation 2. Endometritis 2. Pregnancy
3. Suckling 3. Cystic Ovarian 3. Puberty
4. Season Disease
5. Stress
6. Breed

Mwaanga and Janowski (2000),Youngquist and

Threlfall (2007), Walsh et al., (2007)
 Diagnosis
• Feeding
Anamnesis • Disease in past
• Parturition history

Clinical • Per rectal examination

examination

• Ultrasound imaging
Techniques • Progesterone analysis in milk and blood

Kumar et al.,(2014)
 Treatment
1. Non Hormonal

• Plant based heat inducers

Herbal • Eg.Prajana HS (indian herbs) Janova
(Dabur) Sajani (Sarabhai)

• Oldest, simplest and cheapest

Utero-Ovarian • Estrus induction varies between 40-80%
massage • Daily/on alternate day / weekly for 3-4
weeks (Gupta et al., 2011)

• Cheaper and effective

Lugol’s Iodine • Response is between 45-91.7% (Porwal et
al.,1976)
 Treatment
2.Hormonal
Condition Hormone Dose
1. COD hCG 3000-4500 IU

2. For luteinization GnRH 100-250 ug

3.For Ovulation GnRH 0.5ug

4. For Luteal cyst Progesterone 100 mg I/M on 3

consecutive ocassion @ 48h
interval
5. For Anoestrus PMSG 3000-4500 IU

GnRH 0.5 mg to stimulate LH

release (in suckled cow 2nd
inj. after 10 days)
6. For suboestrus PGF2α 250-500ug
Fitsum Abraham (2017)
Mineral Mixture
 Improves secretion of hormones

Improves fertility

Improves growth rate

Keeps proper metabolism

Reduce chances of ROP and

Prolaps after parturition

Prevents occurrence of Anoestrus

Other Companies Mineral Mixtures
 Conclusion
Anestrus is a multi-causative factors
associated problem affecting livestock
enterprise to a great extent
Diagnosis of the condition needs to be prompt
and at the earliest to prevent its occurrence
for effective treatment
Feeding plays most important part for
prevention of Anoestrus
 References
1. Dziuk PJ, Bellows RA (1983). Management of reproduction of beef, sheep
and pigs. J. Anita. Sci. 57 (2): 355.
2. Boyd H (1977) Anoestrus in cattle[ Vet Rec 100,150-153
3. Madhuri G, M. Rajashri and S. Kesharwani (2017) POST-PARTUM
ANOESTRUS IN DAIRY COWS: A REVIEW I.J.Sci. (6) 0447-1452
4. Agarwal, S.K., Shanker, U and Ansari, M.R. (2004). Laboratory manual on
Animal Gynaecology. Thesis (Published). Krishikosh.
5. Walsh, R.B., Kelton, D.F., Duffield, T.F., Leslie, K.E., Walton, J.S and
LeBlanc, S.J. (2007). Prevalence and risk factors for postpartum
anovulatory condition in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci; 90: 311–324
6. Youngquist, R.S and Threlfall, W.R. (2007). Current Therapy in Large
Animal Theriogenology. 2nd Edition. Published by the author. Distributed
by Saunders, St. Louis, Missouri.442 pp
 References
7. Kumar PR, Singh SK, Kharche SD, Chethan Sharma G, Behera BK, Shukla
SN, Kumar H, Agarwal SK (2014). Anestrus in cattle and buffalo: Indian
perspective. Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2 (3): 124 – 138
8. Gupta R, Thakur MS, Sharma A (2011). Estrus induction and Fertility
response in true anestrus buffaloes using lugol’s iodine. Vet. World. 4(2):
77 – 78
9. Porwal ML, Saxena NK, Shrivastava AM, Karandikar GW (1976). Efficacy
of different medicaments on anestrous buffaloes. Indian Vet. J. 53: 453 –
437
10. Abraham, JFIV Reprod Med Genet 2017, 5:2
11. Websites: https://tineta.com/
Presented by :- Dr. Akash B. Vaidya
Contact No:- 9960489609
Email id:- akashbrca2@gmail.com