the

Digestive
System
PRESENTER:
ELAINE B. ESPEJON
 DISEASES CAUSE SYMPTOMS CURE PREVENTION

GERD (Gastro • When lower • Burning 1. Medications:

esophageal 1. Avoid eating the
Esophageal sensation Proton pump
sphincter weakens following food:
Reflux after eating inhibitors which
or relaxes Greasy food, spicy food,
Disease) • Chest pain decreases amount of
abnormally. chocolate, peppermint
• Increased pressure • Difficulty acid in the stomach,
Coffee,
- A long term on the abdomen Swallowing H2 blockers which
Foods containing tomato
condition because if being • Vomiting of decreases acid
products, alcoholic
where acid overweight, obese, food or sour production, Antacids
drinks.
from the or pregnant. liquid which counteracts
• Intake of medicine • 2. Change lifestyle by:
stomach Lump acid in the stomach,
such as: medicines eating moderately, do
comes up sensation in Prokinetics and
to cure asthma, not eat 2 to 3 hours
into the the throat. Erithromycin an
high blood before sleeping, quit or
esophagus pressure, allergy • Chronic antibiotic that helps
avoid smoking, lose
symptoms, cough empty the stomach.
weight, do not wear tight
depression, and • Laryngitis 2. Surgery:
clothing around the
painkillers. • Asthma Fundoplication and
abdomesn, sleep at a
• Hiatal hernia • Disrupted Endoscopic
slight angle with the
Sleep. procedures.
head slightly elevated.
 DISEASES CAUSE SYMPTOMS CURE/ PREVENTION

Precise cause is not known but the Eat or drink the following
following factors may contribute to food and beverages
IBS (Irritable the development of the disease: moderately: wheat, dairy
Bowel Muscle contractions in the intestine, Cramping, products, citrus fruits,
Syndrome) Abnormalities in the nerves, abdominal beans, cabbage, milk and
inflammation in the intestines, severe pain, bloating, carbonated drink; find
- A common infection in the intestines, eating the gas, diarrhea, ways to deal stress such as
disorder that following food and beverages: constipation or counseling, progressive
affects the wheat, dairy products, citrus fruits, both. relaxation exercises and
large intestine beans, cabbage, milk and mindfulness training.
carbonated drink; stress, hormonal
changes.
A low fiber diet. Without fiber to add Belly pain, fever Eat high fiber diet that is
Diverticulitis
bulk to the stool, the large intestine and chills, low in fat and red meat
has to work harder than normal to bloating and such as the following: split
-Inflammation
push the stool forward. The pressure gas; diarrhea or peas, lentils, black beans,
of small bulging
from this can cause pouches to form constipation, lima beans, artichokes,
pouches which
along the large intestine/colon. nausea and broccoli, Brussel sprouts,
develop in the
Bacteria growing in the pouches can vomiting, lack etc; Drink plenty of water;
digestive tract.
cause inflammation. of drive to eat. exercise regularly.
 DISEASES CAUSE SYMPTOMS CURE/ PREVENTION

Cure:
Drink plenty of water, eat a bland diet
consisting of generally soft, low in
•Loose, watery stools.
Diarrhea -increased dietary fiber, cooked rather than raw,
•Abdominal cramps.
secretion of fluid in and not spicy. Drink over the counter
•Abdominal pain.
- An increase of the intestine, medicine such as Imodium
•Fever.
frequent bowel reduced (loperamide), pepto-bismol or
•Blood in the stool.
movement absorption of fluid kaopectate.
•Bloating.
where the stool from the intestine, Prevention:
•Nausea.
or feces are or rapid passage Avoid eating food from street
•Urgent need to have a
loose and of stool through vendors, avoid ice made with tap
bowel movement.
watery. the intestine. water, eat fruits and vegetables, eat
food that are thoroughly cooked,
avoid raw/undercooked meat or
seafood.
 DISEASES CAUSE SYMPTOMS CURE/ PREVENTION

Passing fewer than three

stools a week
Having lumpy or hard stools Cure:
Straining to have bowel Increase your fiber intake. Exercise
Constipation movements most days of the week. Don't ignore
Blockages in the Feeling as though there's a the urge to have a bowel
colon or rectum blockage in your rectum
- A condition movement.
due to colon or that prevents bowel
where there is Prevention:
rectal cancer, movements
difficulty Include high-fiber food in your diet
narrowing of the Feeling as though you
emptying can't completely empty including beans, vegetables, fruits,
colon; problems
bowels usually the stool from your rectum whole grain cereals and bran; drink
with the nerves
because of Needing help to empty plenty of water; have regular
around the colon
hardened your rectum, such as using exercise; manage stress; don’t ignore
or rectum your hands to press on your
feces. the urge to pass stool; try to create
abdomen and using a regular schedule for bowel
finger to remove stool from
movements.
your rectum
 DISEASES CAUSE SYMPTOMS CURE/ PREVENTION

Your bile contains

Cure:
too much
Pain in the right upper Medications or Surgery.
Gallstones cholesterol.
part of the abdomen
- Are solid Your bile contains
which may occur 30 Prevention:
particles that too much
minutes after a fatty or Have a sensible diet not less than 800
form from bile bilirubin. Bilirubin is
greasy meal, nausea calories a day. Eat food with good
cholesterol in a chemical that's
and vomiting, fever, sources of fiber such as fruits and
the produced when
indigestion, jaundice, vegetables, cooked dried beans and
gallbladder. your body breaks
etc. peas, whole-grain cereals, etc. Avoid
down red blood
eating too much fat.
cells.