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explosion..?
Commonly, the
explosion is
rapidly energy
release through
oxidation
process of
combustible Source:
substance with http://www.greatdreams.com/dalla-
gas-explosion-0,,5583350,00.jpg
oxygen
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There are three factors
in explosion, such as:
• Combustible substance
• Oxygen
• Ignition source
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Why free field high
explosive (HE)..?
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• Ohashi et al, have observed
blast wave structures and
propagation by using Schlieren
Many studies method
have been • Hanna and Zabetakis et al,
investigated to have found that blast wave
produce some pressures will decrease as well
as their propagation distance
informations in • Olso and Fletcher et al, have
free field high observed blast wave
explosive (HE) structures and propagation in
underground and found that:
P = 4.9 x 103 (D/W1/3)-2.15
Where:
P = AN-FO peak overpressure
D = Distance from blast
W = Weight of explosive
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Unfortunately, all of investigations
no remain an exactly numerical
data for free field high explosive
(HE) that can be used as technical
information
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Objectives of the Research
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Furthermore, the advantage of this study is:
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In this study, we investigate the blast wave from
free field high explosive (He) through 2 type of
analysis:
• Qualitative analysis
• Quantitative analysis
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The output of this study is:
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Category of Explosive
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Blast wave pressure curve
Source: Kleinschmit, 2011
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Cherie Berry et al, explosive charge
can be categorized as:
• High explosive
This is a material produces high pressure through
unconfined explosion
• Low explosive
This is a material produces deflagration through
confined explosion
• Blasting agent
Classified by U.S. Department of Transportation
through 49CFD173.50 as a material has little
probability explosion
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To measure blast wave parameter is
always used the following
measurement points:
• Static point
This point includes density, pressure,
temperature, and blast wave velocity
• Dynamic point
This is more difficult than static point
because dynamically measurements of blast
wave motion and its object interaction
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Reflected pressure of TNT (from ground)
Source: Liying Zhang, 2009
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Head kinematics of TNT (from ground)
Source: Liying Zhang, 2009
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Reflected pressure above ground
Source: Stuhmiller, Yancy, and Richmond
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Soil Properties
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Soil Properties
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Soil Properties
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Explosion pressure for different soil
Source: Laine and Larsen
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Explosion damage occurs through
following ways:
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Free field pressure
Source: Contrath, 2003
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Simulation advantages
Source: Kuzmin, 2006
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Experiment and simulation
Source: Kuzmin, 2006
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Blast measuring instrument
Source: Alias, Norazman, Risby 2010
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CFD analysis process
Source: Kuzmin, 2006
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Simulation
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Simulation is investigated
through:
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ANSYS Fluent 13.0
• To describe the interaction between high
explosive and environment
• To know qualitatively about free field high
explosive (HE)
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ANSYS AUTODYN
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5 (five) step to do a simualtion in
ANSYS Fluent 13.0
• Geometry (OK)
• Mesh (in progress)
• Setup (in progress)
• Solution (February 2012)
• Results (February 2012)
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6 (six) step to do a simulation in
AUTODYN
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ANSYS Fluent 13.0 (5 Step)
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ANSYS Fluent 13.0 (1st step – Geometry)
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ANSYS Fluent 13.0 (2nd step – Mesh)
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ANSYS Fluent 13.0 (3th and 4th step –
Setup and Solution)
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ANSYS Fluent 13.0 (5th step – Result)
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AUTODYN (6 step simulation process)
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Strain Gage
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Specimen Material (top)
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Specimen Material (beside)
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Specimen Material (beside)
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Strain Gage (top)
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Strain Gage (beside)
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Strain Gage (beside)
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Strain Gage (top)
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Strain Gage (beside)
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Free Field High Explosion (HE)
Experiment
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Free Field High Explosion (HE)
Experiment
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Free Field High Explosion (HE)
Experiment
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Free Field High Explosion (HE)
Experiment
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Thank You
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Tohoku University. Japan
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