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Fluid Mechanics
Lecture 12
Bernoulli Equation_Example 6
Pump draws water from reservoir (A) and lifts it to a higher reservoir (B), as shown
below, the head loss from A to the pump = 4v2/2g and the head loss from the pump
to B = 7 v2/2g. compute the pressure head the pump must deliver. The pressure
head at the inlet of pump = -6m.
B
B
A
p1 V12 p2 V22
z1 z 2 hL
g 2 g g 2 g
0 0 4 6
V 2 0
4V
2
2 * 9.81 2 * 9.81 3
5V
2
10
2 * 9.81 1
2
V 6.26 m
p1 V12 p3 V32
z1 z3 hL H P
g 2 g g 2 g
11V
2
0 0 4 0 0 54 HP
2 * 9.81
116.26
2
H P 50 72m
2 * 9.81
Practical application of
Bernoulli equation
Flow Measuring Devices
Orifice meter
p1 p2 V22 V12
g g 2 g 2 g
V22 V12
h 2 g (h) V22 V12
2g 2g
Q2 Q2
2 g (h) V22 V12 2 g ( h) 2 2
A2 A1
Q2 1 1
h 2 2
2 g A2 A1
A .A
A .A Qactual Cd 2 gh 1 2
A2 A2
Q 2 gh 1 2 1 2
A2 A2
1 2
Example 1
A .A
Qactual Cd 2 gh 1 2
A2 A2
1 2
0.03141 0.00786
30 / 1000 0.96 2 9.81 h
0.03141 0.00786
2 2
h 0.756m
Example 2
hmercury 0.25m
mercury
hwater hmercury 1
water
13600
hwater 0.25 1 3.15m
1000
Example 3
hmercury 0.05m
mercury
hoil hmercury 1
oil
13600
hoil 0.05 1 0.92m
700
A .A
Qactual Cd 2 gh 1 2
A2 A2
1 2
0.1257 0.0314
Q 0.98 2 9.81 0.92 *
0.1257 0.0314
2 2
Q 0.138 m3 / s
Orifice meter
p1 V12 p2 V22
z1 z2
g 2 g g 2 g
p1 p2 V22 V12
( z1 z2 )
g g 2g 2g
V22 V12
h
2g 2g
Pitot tube
Using Pitot tube in pipe:
Pitot tube
V 2 g (h2 h1 )
VActual CV 2 g (h2 h1 )
mercury
hwater hmercury 1
water
mercury
Example 4
In the figure shown, h mercury 200m
water 1025 kg/m 3
Determine the actual velocity of water in the pipe
if CV 0.95
Sol.
mercury
hwater hmercury 1
water
13600
hwater 0.2 1 2.45m
1025
Vactual CV 2 gh
Vactual 0.95 2 9.81 2.45 6.6 m / s