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Session 6

Mrs. Ahmed
Agenda- session 5
 Simple past
 Simple Present
 Simple future
Simple
 Past
 Present
 Future
Simple Past
Simple Past
 Indicate an action that happened in the past.
It started. It stopped. It’s over.
 I received a letter a week ago.

 Used for past habits


 He studied many hours everyday.

Form
Verb + ed or irregular
Simple Past- Time Expression
 The most common time expressions used for the past
simple are:
 yesterday,
 a week (month, year) ago,
 last (month, year, weekend, Monday) night,
 the day before yesterday,
 two days (months, years) ago.

 The time expression appears either at the beginning or


at the end of the sentence – never in the middle of the
sentence.
Simple Past
 Positive
 The past simple is usually formed by adding d, ed, or ied to the
base form of the verb
 I visited a client in London yesterday.
 She planned the event all by herself.
 Negative
 To create a negative sentence in the past simple, use didn’t
(did not) + the base form of the verb.
 I didn’t talk to John yesterday.
 He didn’t steal those ideas from the company.
Simple Past
 Yes/No Questions
 Start the question with Did, then add a subject (the person or
thing that does the action) followed by the base form of the
verb and only then add the rest of the sentence.
 Did you ask Tina to go out with you?
 Did the employees stay late again last night?
Simple Past
 Wh-Questions
 Start with the wh-word, then add did (or didn’t for a negative
question), then the subject (a person or thing that does the
action), followed by the base form of the verb and only then
add the rest of the sentence.
 When did you buy that sweater?
 Why did the computer break down?
Simple Past
 Tag Questions
 They’re formed either by using a positive sentence in the past
simple and then adding didn’t, a pronoun (I, you, we, they, he,
she, it) and a question mark.
 John scored a goal, didn’t he?
 Their dogs barked all night, didn’t they?
Simple Past-Exercise
1. I _______ a great book last week. (read)
read
2. _______ Adam ______ the jacket that he _______ at the
party? (find / leave)
Did/find/left
3. Why _______ you__________ for me at the bar yesterday
evening? (not wait)
didn’t/wait
4. I _________ for over an hour, but you never __________
up! (wait / show)
waited/showed
5. My friends _________ to New Delhi via Mumbai a week ago.
(fly)
flew
Simple Past-Exercise
6. Teresa ______ the last train ______? (catch)
caught/ didn’t she
7. The sunset _________ beautiful last night. (be)
was
8. _______ they _________ the client’s deadline yesterday?
(meet)
Did/meet
9. When _____ he ____ from med school? (graduate)
did/graduate
10. Ella ___________ to get a hold of you, but you ________
home. (try/not be)
tried/weren’t
Simple Present
Simple Present
 To express a habitual action
 He drinks tea every morning.
 To express general truths
 The sun rises in the East.
 With here and there to express what is actually taking
place in the present
 Here comes the bus.
 Introduce quotations
 Aakash says “whatever happens, happens for the best.”
 To express a future event that is part of a fixed timetable
or program.
 The match starts at 9 o’clock tomorrow.
Simple present-Forming

Subject verb rest of sentence

I / You / We / They sleep late on Saturdays

to the beach every


He / She / It goes
weekend
Simple Present-Time Expression
 The most common time expressions in the present
simple are:
 usually,
 always,
 never,
 on Wednesdays,
 every Wednesday,
 twice a week,
 once a month,
 in general, every other day.
Simple Present-Time Expression
 Time expressions made up of one word are placed
between the subject and the verb in positive sentences
and questions
 and between the auxiliary verb and main verb in negative
sentences.
 I always study hard for exams.
 Do you usually speak to him like that?
Simple Present-Time Expression
 Time expressions made up of two or more words are
placed either at the beginning or the end of a sentence
and usually at the end of questions.
 Ben goes to football practice every Tuesday.
 In general, I believe that all people can live in peace.
 Do you go to the supermarket every week?
Simple Present
 Positive
 In the present simple 3rd person singular (he, she, it), add
s, es, or ies to the base form of the verb.
 He goes to school
 Negative
 When creating negative sentences, we usually use the
auxiliary verbs don’t and doesn’t + the base form of the
verb.
 Jim doesn’t work on Fridays.
 My friends don’t usually leave so early.
Simple Present
 Yes/No Questions
 Start the question with Do or Does, then add a subject
(the person or thing that does the action) followed by the
base form of the verb and only then add the rest of the
sentence.
 Does Jonathan always turn off the lights?
 Don’t you ever clean your room?
Simple Present
 Wh-Questions
 To create a wh-question, start with the wh-word, then
add do or does, then the subject (a person or thing that
does the action), followed by the base form of the verb
and only then add the rest of the sentence.
 Why does Beth always complain so much?
 How much does the ticket cost?
Simple Present
 Tag Questions
 They’re formed either by using a regular sentence in the
present simple and adding don’t or doesn’t and a pronoun
(I, you, we, they, he, she, it) and a question mark.
 John likes me, doesn’t he?
 All those girls speak French, don’t they?
Simple Present-Exercise
1, Every year his family ____________ to Europe for two weeks. (go)
goes

2. Tammy and Jen ______________ a Pilates class on Wednesday


mornings.(take)
take

3. __________ that airline __________ to Paris? (fly)


Does/fly

4. The semester _____________ until the end of June. (not finish)


doesn’t finish

5. Tony usually _________ to call his mother in the mornings. (try)


tries
1. _______________ for your car expenses? (Who/pay)
Who pays
2. The shops ___________ until 21:00. (not close)
don’t close
3. Gerard _________ the ball and __________ it into the net. (receive/kick)
receives/kicks
4. _________times a day _____ you _____ your dogs for a walk? (take)
How many/do/take
5. ________ he always ________ his cell phone for long distance calls? (use)
Does/use
Simple Future
Simple Future- Time Expression
 The most common are:
 tomorrow,
 next week (Sunday/month/year),
 in two days (weeks, months years),
 the day after tomorrow.
Future Simple: Will + Base Form of the Verb
 This form is used to:
 Describe a simple action in the future:
 She‘ll write the e-mail after lunch.
 Alice won’t help us decorate for the party.
 Make a prediction or give a warning:
 Don’t lift that.You‘ll hurt yourself
 If you don’t finish the bid, the boss won’t give you a raise.
 Make a spontaneous decision:
 You dropped your purse. I‘ll get it.
Future Simple: Will + Base Form of the Verb
 Yes/No Questions
 To create a question that will be answered with a yes or
no, use Will (or Won’t) + subject + base form of the verb.
 Will Dave burn the CD for you?
 Won’t the girls be late for the party?
Future Simple: Will + Base Form of the Verb
 Wh-Questions
 To form a Wh-question use: Wh-word + will (or won’t) +
subject + base form of the verb.
 When will he give you an answer?
 Why won’t you tell him the truth?
Future Simple: Will + Base Form of the Verb
1. Sam _______ the documents over to you tomorrow. (bring)
will bring
2. The managers ________ about the budget until next Thursday. (not
decide)
won’t decide
3. _______ your sister ______ in a large church? (get married)
Will/ get married
4. ________ he _____ you move to your new apartment? (not help)
Won’t/help
5. I _________ him this time. He mustn’t do that again. (forgive)
will forgive
Future – Be Going To
 We usually use am, is or are + going to + the base form
of the verb to talk about actions in the future that have
already been decided on.
 The girls are going to sing ‘Amazing Grace’ now.
 They aren’t going to buy the house.
Future – Be Going To
 Yes/No question
 To ask a question that will be answered with either a yes
or no, start with Am, Is or Are (or isn’t/aren’t for negative
questions), then choose a subject (the person or thing
doing the action), followed by going to + the base form of
the verb
 Am I going to feel bad about my decision?
 Is he going to watch the film tonight?
 Are you going to participate in the race tomorrow?
Future – Be Going To
 Wh-Questions
 To create a wh-question, start with the wh-word, then
add am, is or are, then the subject (a person or thing that
will be doing the action), going to and the base form of
the verb.
 How much is the computer going to cost?
 Why aren’t you going to buy that car?
Future – Be Going To
1, Ben__________ Mr. Davis to give him a good grade.
(persuade)
is going to persuade
2, We __________ a refund on that TV that broke down.
(demand)
are going to demand
3. ________Ms. Thompson __________ you extra for that
work?(pay)
Is/going to pay
4. I _______ Los Angeles next year. (leave)
am going to leave
5. Turner _______ a car when he lands at the airport. (hire)
He’ll take the train.
isn’t going to hire
Future: Shall
 Shall is used with the subjects I and we to make
suggestions or to offer to do something for someone. It is
always used in the form of a question.
 Shall we go for a walk?
 Shall I help you with that?
 In the following sentences change the verbs to the past
tense.
 1. He writes to his mother every week.
 2. He walks fast.
 3. The castle stands on the hill.
 4. He gets up at six o’clock.
 5. He spends his time in idle pursuits.
 6. Mark studies very well.
 7. He earns 200 dollars a week.
 8. What strikes me is the generosity of the offer.
 9. He sows the seeds of dissension.
 10. She leaves her things on the table.
 11. They all tell the same story.
 12. People mistake him for an American.
 13. He throws cold water on my plans.
 14. Trees shed their leaves in the autumn.
Answers
 He wrote to his mother every week.
 2. He walked fast.
 3. The castle stood on the hill.
 4. He got up at six o’clock.
 5. He spent his time in idle pursuits.
 6. Mark studied very well.
 7. He earned 200 dollars a week.
 8. What struck me was the generosity of the offer.
 9. He sowed the seeds of dissension.
 10. She left her things on the table.
 11. They all told the same story.
 12. People mistook him for an American.
 13. He threw cold water on my plans.
 14. Trees shed their leaves in the autumn.
Rewrite in past tense
. I am happy and elated, whereas you are miserable and
melancholy. They are brave and courageous; however she is
timid and frightened. Everyone has different feelings –
sometimes good; sometimes bad. We are all just human,
after all.
I was happy and elated, whereas you were miserable and
melancholy. They were brave and courageous; however she
was timid and frightened. Everyone had different feelings-
sometimes good; sometimes bad. We are all human, after all
Change to Present tense
Jane will be going to Glasgow, for the Commonwealth
Games. She will be competing in the marathon, which will
be just over 26 miles long. She will have a team of runners
to help her. The goal she will have will be to win the gold
medal. She will do her best at all times. She will take a lot of
beating, as she will be the best in the world
Jane is going to Glasgow, for the Commonwealth Games.
She is competing in the marathon, which is just over 26
miles long. She has a team of runners to help her. The goal
she has will be to win the gold medal. She does her best at
all times. She takes a lot of beating, as she is the best in the
world
Rewrite in Future tense
 I was sauntering along the path, around the back of the
school, when I noticed a police car. It was zooming along
the road, with its lights flashing. The police constables
leapt out the panda car, then started banging on my
neighbour’s front door. She opened the door, but looked
surprised to see them. Indeed, she had a puzzled look on
her face. She asked them what they wanted. They
apologised profusely and confessed that they had the
wrong house.
 I will be sauntering along the path, around the back of
the school, when I will notice a police car. It will zoom
along the road, with its lights flashing. The police
constables will leap out the panda car, then start banging
on my neighbor's front door. She will open the door, but
will look surprised to see them. Indeed, she will have a
puzzled look on her face. She will ask them what they
want. They will apologise profusely and confess that they
have the wrong house.

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