Machine Elements in Mechanical

Design
Introduction
 Mechanical Systems or Devices are
designed to transmit power and
accomplish specific patterns of motion.

 Mechanical Components – Gears,

Bearings, Shafts, Keys, Couplings, Seals,
etc.
What “Mechanical Systems” are
you familiar with?
What “Mechanical Components”
make up those mechanical
systems?
Design Process (Section 1-4)
 Identify Customer Requirements
 Define functions of the device
 State design requirements
 Define evaluation criteria
 Propose several alternative design concepts
 Evaluate each proposed alternative
 Rate each alternative against each evaluation
criteria
 Select the optimum design concept
 Complete detailed design of the selected concept
Application
 How are customer requirements identified?
 Functions are “high level” requirements that
tell what a device is supposed to do.
 Design requirements are detailed, specific,
quantitative data expanding the functions.
 What evaluation criteria would be important?
 What does the “detailed design” look like?
 What next?
Text Example – Speed Reducer
Functions
 To receive power from the tractor’s engine
through a rotating shaft
 To transmit the power through machine
elements that reduce the rotational speed
to a desired value.
 To deliver the power at the lower speed to
an output shaft that ultimately drives the
wheels of the tractor.
Design Requirements
 Integration of Design

Speed Reducer Assembly:

•One Housing
•Four Gears
•Three Shafts
•Six Bearings
•Several Keys and Seals
•Etc.
 Practice (10 minutes)
Most small boat trailers must be submerged in the
water to launch or retrieve the boat. This greatly
reduces the life of the trailer, especially in salt
water. A need exists for a trailer that will remain
on dry land while it launches or retrieves the
boat. No part of the trailer should get wet. User
safety is of greatest concern, as is protection of
the boat from damage.
In Groups of four, develop design functions and
requirements for this trailer.

Norton, R. L., “Design of Machinery”, 3rd ed., McGraw Hill, 2004

Design Skills Required
 Technical Drawing
 Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE)
 Manufacturing Processes
 Statics, Dynamics, and Strengths of
Materials
 Kinematics and Mechanisms
 Verbal and Written Communication
Mechanical Design Objective
Produce a useful device that is safe,
efficient, economical, and
practical to manufacture.
Design Presentation

 Develop a specification set that communicates effectively

all manufacturing information, safety information, usage
information, etc.
 Specifications sets include:
– CAD Models
– Drawings (Assembly, Detail, Stress Reports)
– Bills-of-Material
– Instructions:
 Manufacturing
 Assembly
 Maintenance
 Usage
 The Engineering Method
 Recognize and understand the problem
 Accumulate data and verify accuracy
 Select the appropriate theory or principle
 Make necessary assumptions
 Solve the problem
 Verify and check results

Eide, et.al., “Engineering Fundamentals and Problem Solving”, 5 th ed., McGraw Hill, 2008
 Problem Presentation
 Problem Statement
 Diagram
 Theory
 Assumptions
 Solution steps
 Identify results and verify accuracy

Eide, et.al., “Engineering Fundamentals and Problem Solving”, 5 th ed., McGraw Hill, 2008
Design Calculations