Rahul Agrawal

Santosh Choudhary
Navodita Upadhayay
Swati Gupta
Navin Bhattarai
Part 1

Concept of Motivation
 Simple model of motivation.
 Types of Rewards
Motivation

Definition:

The forces either internal or external to a person “

that stimulate enthusiasm & persistence to
” accomplish a certain action
Simple model of motivation

NEED-Creates desire to fulfill BEHAVIOR- REWARDS-Satisfy

needs (food, friendship, Results in actions needs; intrinsic or
recognition, achievement). to fulfill needs. extrinsic rewards.

FEEDBACK-Reward informs person whether behavior was appropriate and

should be used again.
Types of Rewards

1. Intrinsic rewards: satisfactions

a person receives in the
process of performing a
particular action.

2. Extrinsic rewards: given by

another person.
Intrinsic reward: from working on challenging technical
problems.

Extrinsic reward: from beneficial global impact of their work

Part 2

Process Perspectives of Motivation

 Equity Theory
Process Perspectives on Motivation

Process Perspectives
 Focus on why people choose certain behavioral options to
satisfy their needs and how they evaluate their satisfaction
after they have attained their goals.
Process Perspectives of Motivation
 Equity Theory
 Expectancy Theory
 Goal-Setting Theory
 Process Perspectives on Motivation

1. Equity Theory
 People are motivated to seek social equity in the rewards
they receive for performance.
 Equity is an individual’s belief that the treatment he or she
receives is fair relative to the treatment received by others.
 Individuals view the value of rewards (outcomes) and
inputs of effort as ratios and make subjective comparisons
of themselves to other people.

outcomes (self) outcomes (other)

inputs (self) = inputs (other)
1.Equity Theory
A. An Equitable Situation

Self Other

$2 $4
= $2 per hour = $2 per hour
1 hour 2 hours
1.Equity Theory
B. Negative Inequity

Self Other

$2 $3
= $2 per hour = $3 per hour
1 hour 1 hour
1.Equity Theory
C. Positive Inequity

Self Other

$3 $2
= $3 per hour = $2 per hour
1 hour 1 hour
1.Equity Theory
 The Equity Process

Source: Van Fleet, David D., and Tim

Peterson, Contemporary Management,
Third Edition. Copyright © 1994 by
Houghton Mifflin Company.
1.Equity Theory
 Equity Theory (cont’d)
Conditions of and reactions to equity comparisons:
 Feeling equitably rewarded.
 Maintain performance and accept comparison as fair
estimate.
 Feeling under-rewarded - try to reduce inequity.
 Change inputs by trying harder or slacking off.
 Change outcomes by demanding a raise.
 Distort the ratios by altering perceptions of self or of
others.
 Leave situation by quitting the job.
 Change comparisons by choosing another object
person.
Part 3

• Case Study
• Layout Of The Case Study
• Questions To Be Answered
Layout Of The Case
• School Dean Raises The Salary of 7 Management Teachers.
• This Creates uproar among the Non- Management Teachers.
• The situation occurred during financial crisis so raising the pays for
all employees was not possible.
• The problem is exaggerated by the lack of a clear pay policy .
• The President of the university and the Board of Directors are faced with
the enormous challenge of creating cohesiveness among the faculty
despite their irreconcilable differences.
• Their actions and decisions will shape the fate of the university.
 Questions To Be Answered

• Using the equity theory, discuss and rationalize the non- management
faculty members' and the Management Professors actions toward the
salary adjustments for The University?

• During the current stage of conflict aftermath, what can the

administration do to rebuild trust and reunite the academic areas to allow
them to work together as a team?

• Should the administration try to externally or internally align the

compensation plan?
 Motivation
Saying & Quotes

 What you believe, you can achieve.

 Say THANK YOU ----The easiest, least expensive way to motivate

workers is often overlooked

 "When you come to the end of your rope, tie a knot and hang
on. "
Franklin D. Roosevelt

 People often say that motivation doesn't last. Well, neither does
bathing - that's why we recommend it daily.
Zig Ziglar
Thank you for listening