THE PHiLiPPINE CONSTITUTION

Presented by: Aira D. Mendiola

Leyte Normal University
BAComm – AC11
What is a Constitution?

A constitution is an aggregate of
fundamental principles or established
precedents that constitute the legal
basis of a polity, organization or other
type of entity and commonly
determine how that entity is to be
governed.

It determines the power and duties of the

government. The Constitution is
representing the rights of the people, rules
and the laws.
Why do we need to have a Constitution?

A constitution acknowledges our decisions

and rights as part of the community and it
is necessary to have a constitution in order
to be of service for the betterment of the
country and government

The constitution guides how a country

should work by the help of the rules and
law implemented in this constitution.
The constitution is also known as the

SUPREME LAW OF LAND.

  
What would happen if there is no
Constitution?

Simply, greedy officials will take advantage since there is

no longer a limit for their power in the government.
Going back to the Proclamation of Independence, the
Philippines have had six constitution over time
Malolos Constitution (1899) –
 
Was the first Philippine Constitution.
The Constitution was promulgated by
President Emilio Aguinaldo and was
approved by the Malolos Congress on
November 29, 1898.

There was a Filipino-Spanish Agreement

and it was then adopted by the first
Philippine Republic.
However, there was a conflict about
the truce because the Filipinos and
Spaniards did not trust each other.
From there, Aguinaldo decided to go
back to the Philippines for the
declaration of the Philippine
Independence. The form of
government of Malolos Constitution
acccording to Title II, Article 4 the
Government of the Republic is to be
popular, representative, alternative and
responsible, and shall exercise three
distinct powers: namely, the legislative,
the executive, and the judicial.
Commonwealth Government (1935) –

The Commonwealth Government was

governed from 1935 to 1946. The
Commonwealth Era lasted for about 10
years. The Commonwealth Government was
led by Manuel L. Quezon and Sergio S.
Osmeña. As soon as Quezon died, Osmeña
took over as the president. The
commonwealth government is known to be
the Second Philippine Republic. With the
inauguration of the commonwealth of the
Philippines, one of its few purpose was to
become the same constitution once the
independence was granted. The
Commonwealth was the culmination of
attempts to create a firm timeline for the
United States' withdrawal from the
Philippines.
Japanese Government (1943) –

During the American occupation in the

Philippines, the World War II broke out and
the Japanese invaded the Philippines

The constitution was known to be the

constitution of the Japanese sponsored
Second Republic of the Philippines. The
first president of this era was President
Jose Laurel. The constitution provided for
the strong executive powers. Only the
Anti-US can run for elections.

The problem of the constitution, it was

recognized as legitimate and binding only in
the Japanese-controlled area in the Philippines.
This became a short-lived constitution
Marcos Administration (1973) –

Ferdinand Marcos was the 10th President

of the Republic of the Philippines. He
became elected as the President in 1965
and was once again re-elected in 1969.

Before ending his term, Marcos declared

Martial Law. The Constitution was
established in the Philippine History, a
parliamentary government with a prime
minister and a president. Among the laws
approved by Marcos during his term were
R.A No. 5186, R.A No. 4864 and R.A
5173. The constitution is composed of a
preamble and 17 articles which provides
from the shift of presidential to
parliamentary system of the government.
 Freedom Constitution (1986)

• The 1986 Constitution is also known as the Freedom

Constitution. The 1986 Constitution is a revolutionary
government. The constitution was a verbatim copy of the
1973 constitution minus the provisions on the Batasang
Pambansa because the B.P. was completely abolished. It
was a transitional constitution that lasted for a year.
Present Constitution (1987) –

It is also called an “Anti-Marcos

Constitution”.

. The present constitution provides

for three governmental powers.
Mainly, the executive, legislative
and judicial.
EXECUTIVE BRANCH

Executive is a branch of
government that exercising
authority and holding
responsibility for the governance
of the state. The executive executes
and enforces law.
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Legislative is another branch of

government where the legislative branch
drafts legislation, approves or refuses
presidential appointments for federal
agency heads, federal judges, and the
Supreme Court, and has the power to
wage war.
JUDICIAL BRANCH

interprets the meaning of laws, applies

laws to individual cases, and decides if
laws violate the Constitution.