Dr. S.K .

Jain
Chairman and Managing Director, Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL), Bhartiya Nabhikiya Vidyut Nigam (BHAVINI), President World Association of Nuclear Operators (WANO)

INDIA-Old Civilization with rich heritage

Modern India 15th Aug 1947 Polity Largest Democracy-Multi linguistic, cultural and religions Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic Parliamentary system of Government Geography / demographic Land area :3.1 Million Km2 Coastline :7500 km (Mainland 5500 km) Population :1.15 billion Density :313/ sq.km. Urban : 28% Working Age (young) population : 58% Projected Annual Growth: 1.2%

Economy
Trillion Dollar Economy. Third largest in terms of Purchasing Power Parity (PPP). Fast Growing (9.4% in 2006-07, 9.0% in 2007-08 & 7.1% in 2008-09). Projected Growth Rate of about 8%.- Aim for 10% or more Low Per Capita Income (~ 760 $ at current exchange rate). Uneven distribution of Income a quarter of population below poverty line. Sustained high growth needed for poverty alleviation. Energy key driver.

Electricity Scenario
India vs. world
Low per Capita Consumption
0000

Fifth Largest Producer

838
8000

6 22
6000 000
kWhCapita >

2 00
2000

20 0

2060 2

EC

Russia World

China

Bra il

India

40 % population not having access to quality Power

Fuel Shares in Electricity Generation

ene a les
Hyd N clea

N clea
iesel

Hyd

C al

as

iesel
C al

as

Installed Capacity
(14 G on 1. . 9) + G Captive Shortage in Energy 11.1%

ene ati n
(7 4 T h in - 9)

- 9 Pea Power 11.9%

Demand Projections
(based on % GDP Growth)

Year

Energy equirement ( Us)

Pea demand (G ) 15 226

equired Installed Capacity (G )

1 2017

1097 1524 11

306 4 5

2027

2866

437 5

575 77

By 2050, the required Installed Capacity is estimated to be 1300 GW

Indias Energy esource ase

Amount Coal Hydrocarbon Uranium-Metal - In PHWR - In Fast Breeders Thorium-Metal (In Breeders) Hydro Non-conv. Ren. 2,25,000 T 150 -GWe 100 -GWe 53.3 -BT 12 BT# 61,000 -T 328 42,231 155,502 69 GWe-yr / yr 33 GWe-yr / yr
T.

Electricity Potential GWe-yr 10,660 5,833

Assuming entire resource is used for generating electricity. # Currently nown resources (including coal bed methane) are

The challenge is to meet the Demand at affordable prices without degrading the climate Needs Balancing the Energy Requirements Nuclear Power - Compelling merits offer a viable technological solution
Currently, orld is Experiencing. Nuclear enaissance

Rawatbhata Raj. 4 (740 MWe) 2 (440 MWe) 2 (1400MWe)

Narora, U.P. 2 (440 MWe)

Tarapur, Maharashtra 4 (1400 MWe) Jaitapur, Maharashtra 2 (3300 MWe)

Kaiga, Karnataka 3 (660 MWe) 1 (220 MWe) Kalpakkam, T.N. 2 (440 MWe) 1 (500 MWe)

Kakrapar, Gujarat 2 (440 MWe) 2 (1400 MWe)

Kudankulam, T.N . 2 (2000 MWe) 4 (4000 MWe)

IN OPERATION UNDER CONSTRUCTION NEW SITES

NUCLEA PO ER PLANTS IN INDIA

Operating Nuclear Power Plants in India

TARAPUR RAJASTHAN MADRAS

TARAPUR 3&4

NARORA

KAKRAPARA

KAIGA

REACTORS UNDER CONSTRUCTION

Project NPCIL Kaiga-4 (220 MWe) RAPP 5&6 (2 x 220 MWe) KK 1&2 (2 x 1000 MWe) HAVINI PFBR (500 MWe) Total Capacity (M e) 220 440 2000 2660 500 31

Reactors Under Construction

KAIGA-4 ( M e) RAPP 5& ( x220 M e)

KK 1&2 (2x1000 M e)

PF R (5

M e)

Future Plans-India
In near term (by 2012)
Start of or on indigenous PH Rs of 700 M e each 10 L Rs of 1000 M e or larger size based on international co-operation AH R (300 M e)- Technology Demonstrator 2 Fast reeder Reactors(500M e) - Pre-project activities

In long term(by 2032)

To reach 3000 M e by 2032 based on indigenous reactors & Light ater Reactors.

L R Projections
ased on international cooperation . Setting up of 40 G e or more L R capacity with life time commitment of fuel supply.
Mix of Russian, US, French and other designs. Russian VVERs -2 under construction, 4 more in advance stage of planning at the same site Experience in execution of VVERs - More VVERs planned at additional sites.

VVER- Experience
DPR Preparation Understanding & Adoption of Russian codes Integration of Russian Regulatory requirements with Indian Regulatory System. Specialized Training & Human Resource Development Procurement ,Construction & Erection as per Russian design .

Experience through actual construction of

Reactor uildings and other civil structures Fabrication of structural, piping etc. Erection of Critical Components RPV, Core Catcher, SG, MCP elding, piping ,Polar Crane, Caissons, Electrical equipment & cabling, Instrumentation etc

Inter-Governmental agreement, MOU

Signing of IGA Nov. 19

Signing of Supplement to IGA June 199

Signing of DPR Contract July 199

Signing of Contract Nov. 2001

THEN

NOW

Core Catcher installation

KKNPP: Round the cloc wor

POLAR CRANE INSTALLATION

Reactor Building-1: Dome Liner Erection

RPV, SG & PRESSURIZER UNDER ERECTION

MAIN COOLANT PIPE LINES (INSIDE)

Passive Heat Removal System

Trestle Crane

Refueling Machine Erected In Reactor Buidling-1

Fresh Fuel Storage Facilities

FUEL INSPECTION AT KKNPP

Unit-1 Turbine Hall View

SITE APR 2009

NUCLEAR TRAINING CENTRE: KKNPP

220 kV Gas Insulated Switchgears

Reserve Aux. Transformer

400 kV Gas Insulated Switchgear

UTF Switchgear (Charged)

UAC SICAM Control Panel Room

KKNPP 1 from West arm of Dyke

Breakwater Dyke and Offshore Structure

DESALINATION PLANT
Mechanical vapor compression technology (MVC) 4 units each with capacity 106 cu.m./ hr (3 normally operating; 1 spare) Total water requirement for Unit-1 &2 plant: 320 cum /hr

DM Plant Control Room

Chiller Building Inside View

Chiller Building Switchgear Panels Charged

MCR Panels Installed (UCA-1)

KKNPP WIND MILL

GREENERY PLANTATION AT PLANT SITE

KKNPP PROJECT LAYOUT PLAN

up t kudankulamr ad

SIMP LEX

AREA

SHORE LINE

SHORE LINE

500E

000

600E

10m

15m

Nov 2008

Number of Reactorsorld

orld vs. India

India

Planned
(next 25 yrs)

In Opern. 436

222

Planned (upto 2020) 23

In Opern. 17

Const 44

Const 6

The Challenges
Sourcing of major equipment and forgings Mobilization of required fund Optimization of the cost of new builds and providing the electricity at affordable prices. Mobilization of human resources and imparting specialized training Maintaining a strong safety culture

Strategies To meet large capacity additions

Multi prong approach
Establishing International Agreements/ MoUs & JVs Framing of contracts with Techno-commercial viability ; Competitive cost of energy Lifetime fuel supplies

India & Russia Agreement on Civil Nuclear Co-operation Agreement between DAE and Russian firm for supply of 2000el pellets

123 Agreements between India & USA

Mou & Confidentiality agreement between NPCIL and GE, Westinghouse

..Strategies
India & France Agreement on Civil Nuclear Co-operation

& MoUs

MoU between NPCIL and KAZATOMPR for Cooperation in nuclear industry

Agreement between NPCIL and AREVA for setting up EPR at Jaitapur Agreement between DAE and AREVA for supply of 300 tons of fuel

Agreement between India and Kazakhstan on Nuclear Cooperation

Agreements between India and other countries

Conclusions
1. Indias huge electricity demand calls for large capacity expansion at a faster pace planned to be met through a mix of energy resourcesNuclear power to play an important role. 2. Setting up of significant LWR capacities along with life time commitment of fuel supplies have been planned with international cooperation. 3. India look forward for hand holding of its domestic industries, by the international partners ,to achieve localization and support in supplies of nuclear technology and services to the third countries.