Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Looking ahead and chalking out future courses of action. Setting of direction of an organization. Definition of work to be done- including resource requirements, dependencies, and training.
APPROACHES TO PLANNING
Informal Planning Extended Budgeting Top-down Planning Strategic Analysis/Policy Options Bottom-up Planning Behavioral Approach Strategic Review
Guide Questions:
1. What do I want the future to be? 2. What benefit do I want to give to my customers? 3. What returns do I seek? 4. What standards am I aiming at? 5. What values do I and my organization believe in?
Mission Statement
Mission statements give concrete expression to the vision statement. It also identifies the companys reason for existence.
Vision Statement
It expresses the benefit that an organization will provide to its customers. It indicates the companys dream.
Creativity Tools
Teaches more than 20 techniques Brainstorming - group activity technique by which a group tries to find a solution for a specific problem by gathering a list of ideas spontaneously contributed by its members.
Grid Analysis
Useful technique to use for making a decision. Can decide confidently and rationally.
Decision Trees
Excellent tool Highly effective structure Investigate the possible outcomes of choosing those options
Gantt Charts
Help you to plan out the tasks that need to be completed Give you a basis for scheduling when these tasks will be carried out Allow you to plan the allocation of resources needed to complete the project Help you to work out the critical path for a project where you must complete it by a particular date
Techniques
1. PMI (Plus/Minus/Interesting) Listing the plus points in the plan in one column. Minus points in a second column, implications and points of uncertainty of the plan in a third column. 2. Cost/Benefit Analysis add up the value of the benefits of a course of action, and subtract the costs associated with it. 3. Force Field Analysis Gives a good overall view of all the forces for and against your plan.
4. Cash Flow Forecasts: assess the effect of time on costs and revenue. Helps in assessing the size of the greatest negative and positive cash flows associated with a plan.
more operational and done in context with or as a support activity or operation to achieve a strategy.
Characteristics of Strategies
It is traditionally meant to be a grand plan made in light of what it was believed an adversary might or might do. It derives its relevance given from the existence competition in business.
It is done in the presumption of the existence of a negative scenario. It also connotes general program of action and deployment of emphasis and resources to attain comprehensive objectives.
A process of deciding on objectives of the organization, on changes in the objectives, use and disposition of these resources. It involves determination of the basic long-term goals and objectives of an enterprise, and the adoption of courses of action and the allocation of resources necessary to carry out these goals.
A decision about how to use available resources to secure a major objective in the face of obstruction. Implies actions and guides decisionmaking, spelling out directions to be taken. May exist without a policy.
Categories of Strategy
Intended Strategy
refers to the original strategy that management plans and intends to implement.
Realized Strategy
actual and eventual strategy that management actually implements.
According to the data gathered by the LTO, during rush hours 7:30am 8:30am and 6:30pm 8:00pm the vehicles passes along the intersection reaches not less than 500 public and private vehicles which causes heavy traffic in the area
Macanhan/Balulang
Lumbia
Zayas Landfill
To Dvsoria
Project Description
The Carmen Flyover is a project of Mayor Emano and one of the three flyovers (Puerto, CM Recto) constructed in the city of Cagayan de Oro Mastersons Road along Macanhan is a National Road, therefore under the responsibility of DPWH and City Engineer Bingona
The Carmen Flyover will be constructed along the junctions going to Macanhan, Zayas and uptown going to Lumbia Airport
Date Started: July 1, 2011 Target Completion: w/in 200days (about 6 months) Date Inaugurated: November 15, 2011 (110 days) Cost of the Project:119 million Contractor: UKC Builders Inc.
Problems in Construction of Carmen flyover No proper detour going to Balulang and Xavier Heights. Longer route Pryce Plaza complaining about the delayed project which causes loss in their business. Considered as roller coaster flyover w/c causes flooding in the foot and upper portion of the flyover
Macanhan/Balulang
Lumbia Airport
Zayas Landfill
DVsoria
Carmen Flyover
Run Down
Planning Function
Definition Approaches Phases
Strategy
Characteristics Categories