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MAINSTREAMING AGRICULTURAL

BIODIVERSITY FOR FOOD


SECURITY

Satellite Event at Tenth Regular Session of the


Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
Integrated agro-ecological approaches and
community-based adaptive management:

Integrated Pest Management

Rice Food Webs and Regional Pools of Species

Farmers’ Field Schools

Policy Reform and Impact


Rice Food Webs

Aquatic food webs support biocontrol

Decomposing organic matter feeds the


food web from bottom up

Regional species pools supply rice fields


with natural enemies
Irrigated Rice Food Web
Hyper Parasitoids

PARASITOIDS

ARTHROPOD PREDATORS

HERBIVORES CHIRONOMIDS
& MOSQUITOES
TUBIFICID WORMS

RICE PLANT MICROCRUSTACEA

ROTIFERS PHYTOPLANKTON
DETRITIVORES
PROTOZOA
CO2 AQUATIC
P2O5 BACTERIA
NH4
NO3
OTHER

ORGANIC MATTER
Adding Organic Matter to a Rice Field
Boosts populations of Detritus-Feeders,
Plankton Feeders & Predatory Insects
1.5 Ha ; 12 replications
Mean insects per square meter

750

600

450

Predators
300

Neutrals
150

0
Low High Low High
Below water Water surface and Plant
Canopy
Organic Matter Inputs
Coevolutionary History
Large

Speciation Extinction
Regional Species Pool
Spatial & Temporal Scale

• Synchrony
• Landscape Grain
Landscape-Level • Non--crop Vegetation
“Filters” • Corridors
• Fallow patterns
• Regional Pesticide Use
Small

Community Assembly
Farmers’ Field Schools
From Central Java to
Central Mali:
Constructing
Ecosystems in
Groups
Agro-ecosystem analysis
Agro-ecosystem analysis
Making field Discussing field
observations observations
Policy Reforms
Indonesia 1986: Planning Minister and Junior
Minister Agriculture go to field, meet farmers, 3
weeks later, National IPM Policy announced by
President

Indonesia 1990: New Junior Minister Agriculture


and Cabinet Sect. go to field, meet farmers, reject
repeal of pesticide restrictions and reinforce IPM
INDONESIA Rice Production and Pesticide
Consumption

140 60,000,000

120 50,000,000

100
40,000,000
Pesticides USD

Production Mt
80
USD Million
30,000,000
Mt
60

20,000,000
40

20 10,000,000

0 0
ar
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Ye

19

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20
Literacy NOT
Required

Farmers
Demonstrate
their their
Constructed
Ecosystems in
Public: West
Farmer Scientist
Ms. Elizabeth
Baratsa
of Bungoma,
Western Kenya
Explains HER concept
of Vector
Transmission of
Maize Streak Virus
between plants of a
recommended
variety to a national
researcher from
Uganda
Farmers Mobilizing for Local Policy
Reform in Selingue, Mali
Iranian Farmer Field
Schools: Biodiversity
Management by Local
Communities
Thank You !
National IPM Programmes

Sub Regional Clusters:


● Reinforce each other with expertise, experience,
example

● Field Exchanges

● Natural Trade Partners: Harmonize to reduce costs

● Common Threats from Invasive Pests


Sub-Regional Clusters of National IPM Programmes

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