WELCOME TO OUR PRESENTATION

ACKNOWLEDGENMENT
We would like to thank our teacher/ adviser Gizeaddis and our department for the direction, assistance, and guidance. We also wish to thank who have all taught us techniques of making hardware and for their assistance. Special thanks should be given to our friends who appreciate our works and ideas helped us in many ways.

Abstract
Our goal for this project is to design and implement electricity from bicycle dynamo .This will be accomplished by designing a safe and sturdy water fall powered stationary bicycle dynamo that produce ac energy .The Ac power generated can be used by the local population for lights and other utilities that many take for granted on a daily basis. Bicycle power Generators are not a new idea, it is created by hobbyists for residential use to charge batteries in case of a power outage .we are looking to expand upon these design and build AC generator that will convert natural water fall power into electrical power.

INTRODUCTION
Obviously appropriate technology which suits the local society well is undoubtedly needed by local people to solve the existing problem by means of locally available resource . Our project is intended to generate electricity by using bicycle dynamo from water fall which is good enough for use in home for different application such as light source, charging cell phone and other home electronic appliance.

Objectives of the project

The Primary objectives of the project is-:  Low production cost  High safety Secondary objectives include  High energy efficiency  High product durability

Basics on Bicycle Dynamo

 An electrical generator/bicycle dynamo is a device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy using electromagnetic induction.  The energy conversion in bicycle dynamo is based on the principle of the production of dynamically induced e.m.f. whenever a conductor cuts magnetic flux, dynamically induced e.m.f is produced in it according to Faraday's Laws of Electromagnetic induction. Hence, two basic essential parts of an electrical generator are-: (i) a magnetic field (ii) a conductor or conductors which can so move as to cut the flux.

Two different types of bicycle dynamo

.when permanent magnet is stationary

Figure 2 Illustration for stationary permanent magnet bicycle dynamo

.when coil is stationary

Figure 3 for stationary coil bicycle dynamo

Generator working(how dynamo generate AC output

A simple block diagram of overall project design is shown below

Water fall

Mechanical to Electrical energy conversion

Control circuit

Step up transform er

Load

Project method and design

WATER TURBINE
Turbine is used instead of bicycle wheel to rotate the permanent magnet in side bicycle dynamo while the water fall heats it so that electricity /emf are induced.

Control circuit Design consideration

The control circuit is prevent high voltage from being applied to connected load and it is constructed integrally with step up transformer

Voltage Monitoring Circuit

Control signal

Current Bypass Circuit

Basics of Thyristors
It is a switching device and turned on in about 1s and turn off in about 15s. This device is unilateral that is it conduct in one direction only For ac output only half of the waveform can b used. In order to achieve full waveform , 2 devices are used and connected in inverse parallel and a device called triac is formed.

Basics on zener diode

It is used in its "reverse bias" or reverse breakdown mode Breakdown voltage for commonly available zener diodes can vary widely from 1.2 volts to 200 volts.

Basics on ordinary diode

Diodes allow electricity to flow in only one direction The arrow of the circuit symbol shows the direction in which the current can flow Has forward Voltage Drop of 0.7v

Flow chart Diagram for control circuit

Start

Increase current value across thyristor (S2)

YES

Voltages above zener break down (S1)

N O

Decrease current value across thyristor YES (S4)

Voltages equal to /below zener break down (S3)

N O

Step up transformer

even though there is variation with respect to speed of turbine the control circuit output is 12v assumed which is input to our transformer and our desired out put 240v therefore our transformer turn ratio is 1:20 , if the desired out is 120v our turn ratio will be 1:10 and this two different transformers are commercially available V1/v2=T1/T2=1/20

Material used and cost Estimation for the project:

I Material used:
1. Water turbine 2. Metal/wood shaft 3. Metal /wood 4. Ball bearing 5. Bicycle dynamo 6. Welding/using nail to construct the project 7. Belt/rope 8. Mini bicycle wheel 9. Step up transform 10. Copper wire 11. Voltage control circuit elements 12. Ordinary DiodeD1, D4 13. Zener Diode D2, D3 14. Thyrister TY1, TY2 15. Resistor R1, R2

II Total Cost Estimation:

Item Water Turbine Cost per unit Constricted about250birr Quantity Total 1 30cm 250 birr 20birr Varies based on location and need 2 1 160birr/above 50birr Varies based on location and need 1 30BIRR/ABOVE

Metal/woo 20birr/above d shaft Metal wood Ball bearing Bicycle dynamo Varies based on location and need 80birr/above 50birr

Welding/n Varies based on ails location and need Belt/rope 30birr/above

Mini bicycle 30 birr/above wheel Step up 100birr/above transformer Copper wire Varies based on location and need Ordinary diode 5 birr

1 1

30birr/above 100birr/above Varies based on location and need

2 2 4 2

10 birr 10birr 28 birr 8 birr 716 BIRR/ABOVE

Zener diode 5 birr Transistor(p 7 birr np and npn) resistor Total

Table 1 for total cost estimation COST OF MINI Hydropower: Ranges from $1000
location

4 birr

$20000 depending on site electricity requirements and

CONCLUSION
Through research and testing this project aimed to design and implement a first phase of sustainable energy resource, the project goal was to supply a 240v ac out put this goal had to be met within the constraints Of a low production cost and high safety the project had to offer a durable product with in relatively good efficiency, we believe we accomplished this goal. The project result were conclusive with the bicycle dynamo as energy provider

RECOMMENDATION
We recommended that if the institute of technology has its on workshop house to keep previously done projects in order to provide materials for the future works.

THANK YOU