1

CHNG 3: BIN I DC
o GII THIU
o CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
1. Mch bin i gim p (Buck Converter)
2. Mch bin i tng p (Boost Converter)
3. Mch bin i tng gim p
2
GII THIU
Dng lin tc l dng trong cun cm lc
no cng c tr dng trong ton chu k.
c in p DC ln ngi ta thng
ghp nhiu b ni tip nhau.
Mch boost converter c th tng in p
v thay th cc vin pin.
3
GII THIU
Vi hai vin pin ta c th dng mch
Boost converter tng in p ln s
dng cho cc xe in v h thng n
trang tr.
c in p DC ln ngi ta thng
ghp nhiu b ni tip nhau.
4
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
L
S
C
+
-
Vidc
R D1
1. Mch bin i gim p
S nguyn l

Chc nng cc linh kin: S, L, C, D1, R.
Cc gi thit khi phn gii:

5
S
D1
C
R
L
+
-
Vidc
1. Mch bin i gim p
Ch ON
dt
di
L V V V V V V
L
i L L i
= = + =
0 0
L
V V
dt
di
i L 0

=
Khi S ng, do diode phn cc nghch nn
ngng, ta c dng in chy qua cun cm.
in th cun cm bng:
( )
( )
) 1 (
0
0
DT
L
V V
i
L
V V
DT
i
t
i
dt
di
i
swon L
i L L L
|
.
|

\
|

= A

=
A
=
A
A
=
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
6
L
S
D1
C
R
+
-
Vidc
1. Mch bin i gim p
Ch OFF
Khi bt h, diode tr nn phn cc thun nn
dn, v do cho dng in cun cm chy
qua hnh. in th qua cun cm khi bt h:
L
V
dt
di
dt
di
L V V
L L
L
0
0

= = =
( )
( )
( ) ) 2 ( 1
1
0
0
T D
L
V
i
L
V
T D
i
t
i
swoff L
L L
|
.
|

\
|
= A

A
=
A
A
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
7
1. Dng sng mch bin i gim p
t
t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

i
C

V
i

V
i
-V
o

-V
o

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L
=I
O
Ai
L

Ai
C

DT t
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
8
1. Dng sng mch bin i gim p
t
t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

i
C

V
i

V
i
-V
o

-V
o

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L
=I
O
Ai
L

Ai
C

DT t
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
9
1. Dng sng mch bin i gim p
t
t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

i
C

V
i

V
i
-V
o

-V
o

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L
=I
O
Ai
L

Ai
C

DT t
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
10
1. Dng sng mch bin i gim p
t
t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

i
C

V
i

V
i
-V
o

-V
o

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L
=I
O
Ai
L

Ai
C

DT t
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
11
1. Mch bin i gim p
Dng sng
t
t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

i
C

V
i

V
i
-V
o

-V
o

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L
=I
O
Ai
L

Ai
C

DT t
( ) ( )
0 = A + A
OFF L ON L
i i
Do s thay i tng
cng dng in chy
qua cun cm khi S
ng v khi S h l
bng khng:
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
12
1. Mch bin i gim p
( ) ( )
( ) 0 1 ) 2 ( ) 1 (
0
0 0
= |
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|

+
= A + A
T D
L
V
DT
L
V V
i i
i
swoff L swon L
i i
on
i
V V V
T
t
DV V < = =
0 0
( )
( )
( )
( )T D
L
V
DT
L
V D V
DT
L
V V
i
i
swon L
= |
.
|

\
|

= |
.
|

\
|

= A 1
0 0 0 0
Hot ng thng trc i hi dng in
cun cm ti cui chu k giao hon bng vi
tr s ti lc bt u ngha l s thay i tng
cng trong dng cun cm trn 1 chu k l
bng khng:
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
13
1. Mch bin i gim p
Dng in trung bnh qua cun cm:
Dng in max v min qua cun cm:
Gi tr cc tiu cun cm:
dn sng ng ra:
R
V
I I
R L
0
= =
( )
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
(

+ =
L
t
R
V
Lf
D
R
V I
off
2
1
2
1 1
0 0 max
( )
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
(

=
L
t
R
V
Lf
D
R
V I
off
2
1
2
1 1
0 0 min
( ) ( )
R
T D
R
f
D
L
2
1
2
1
min

=
2
0
0
8
1
LCf
D
V
V
=
A
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
14
2. Mch bin i tng p
S nguyn l

Chc nng cc linh kin: S, L, C, D1, R.
Cc gi thit khi phn gii:

C
D1
L
R S
+
-
Vidc
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
15
2. Mch bin i tng p
Ch ON
Khi S ng, diode phn cc nghch nn
ngng, dng in qua cun L to nn in
th V
L
cho bi:
+
-
Vidc
C
R
VL=Vi
S
D1
L
V
dt
di
dt
di
L V V
i L L
i L
= = =
L
V
DT
i
t
i
i L L
=
A
=
A
A
( ) ) 3 (
L
DT V
i
i
swon L
= A
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
16
2. Mch bin i tng p
Ch OFF
Khi S h, diode phn cc thun nn dn cho
dng qua cun cm L to nn in th ca
cun cm V
L
:
D1
R
C
+
-
Vidc
S
VL=Vi-Vo
L
V V
dt
di
dt
di
L V V V
i L L
i L
0
0

= = =
( ) L
V V
T D
i
t
i
i L L 0
1

A
=
A
A
( )
( )( )
) 4 (
1
0
L
T D V V
i
i
swoff L

= A
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
17
2. Dng sng mch bin i tng p
Ai
L

t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

Vi-Vo

V
i

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L

DT (1-D)T
t
I
max

I
min

i
D

CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
18
2. Dng sng mch bin i tng p
Ai
L

t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

Vi-Vo

V
i

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L

DT (1-D)T
t
I
max

I
min

i
D

CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
19
2. Dng sng mch bin i tng p
Ai
L

t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

Vi-Vo

V
i

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L

DT (1-D)T
t
I
max

I
min

i
D

CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
20
2. Dng sng mch bin i tng p
Ai
L

t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

Vi-Vo

V
i

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L

DT (1-D)T
t
I
max

I
min

i
D

CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
21
2. Mch bin i tng p
Dng sng
( ) ( )
0 = A + A
OFF L ON L
i i
Do s thay i tng
cng dng in chy
qua cun cm khi S
ng v khi S h l
bng khng:
Ai
L

t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

Vi-Vo

V
i

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L

DT (1-D)T
t
I
max

I
min

i
D

CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
22
2. Mch bin i tng p
hot ng thng trc, s thay i tng
cng dng trong cun cm phi bng khng,
theo (3) v (4) ta c:
( ) ( )
( )( )
0
1
) 4 ( ) 3 (
0
0
=

+ +
= A + A
L
T D V V
L
DT V
i i
i i
swoff L swon L
D
V
V
i

=
1
0
( )( )
( )
L
DT V
L
T D
D
V
V
L
T D V V
i
i
i
i
i
Lswoff
=
|
.
|

\
|

=

= A
1
1 1
0
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
23
2. Mch bin i tng p
Dng in trung bnh qua cun cm:
Dng in max v min qua cun cm:
Gi tr cc tiu cun cm:
dn sng ng ra:
( ) R D
V
I
i
L
2
1
=
( )
L
DT V
R D
V i
I I
i i
swon
L
L
2
1
2
2
max
+

= |
.
|

\
|
A
+ =
( ) L
DT V
R D
V i
I I
i i
swoff
L
L
2 1 2
2 min

=
|
.
|

\
|
A
=
( )
( ) ( )
f
R D D
L
R D D
Lf
2
1
2
1
2
min
2
min

=
RCf
D
V
V
=
A
0
0
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
24
3. Mch bin i tng-gim p
S nguyn l

Chc nng cc linh kin: S, L, C, D1, R.
Cc gi thit khi phn gii:

+
-
Vidc
L
S
R
D1
C
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
25
3. Mch bin i tng-gim p
Ch ON
Khi S ng, diode phn cc nghch nn
ngng, dng in qua cun L to nn in
th V
L
cho bi:
+
-
Vidc
C
R
S D1
L
L
V
dt
di
dt
di
L V V
i L L
i L
= = =
L
V
DT
i
t
i
i L L
=
A
=
A
A
( ) ) 5 (
L
DT V
i
i
swon L
= A
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
26
3. Mch bin i tng-gim p
Ch OFF
Khi S h, dng trong cun cm khng thay
i tc thi, diode phn cc thun nn dn
cho dng qua t v ti to nn in th ca
cun cm V
L
:
R
S D1
+
-
Vidc
C
L
L
V
dt
di
dt
di
L V V
L L
L
0
0
= = =
( ) L
V
T D
i
t
i
L L 0
1
=

A
=
A
A
( )
( )
) 6 (
1
0
L
T D V
i
swoff L

= A
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
27
3.Dng sng b bin i tng-gim p
t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

V
o

V
i

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L
Ai
L

DT
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
28
3.Dng sng b bin i tng-gim p
t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

V
o

V
i

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L
Ai
L

DT
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
29
3.Dng sng b bin i tng-gim p
t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

V
o

V
i

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L
Ai
L

DT
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
30
3.Dng sng b bin i tng-gim p
t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

V
o

V
i

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L
Ai
L

DT
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
31
3. Mch bin i tng-gim p
Dng sng
( ) ( )
0 = A + A
OFF L ON L
i i
Ty theo bt S ng
hay m s cung cp
in lm diode ngng
hay dn v do s
cp dng cho ti. Do
cch mc diode nn
in th ra V
0
c tr
m. Ta c mch
tng ng hnh
t
t
t
S
T
OFF
T
ON

v
L

i
L

V
o

V
i

I
Lmax

I
Lmin

I
L
Ai
L

DT
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
32
hot ng thng trc, s thay i tng
cng dng trong cun cm phi bng khng,
theo (5) v (6) ta c:
( ) ( )
( )
0
1
0
0
=

+
= A + A
L
T D V
L
DT V
i i
i
swoff L swon L
|
.
|

\
|

=
D
D
V
D
D V
V
i
i
1 1
0
( )
( )
L
DT V
L
T D
D
D V
L
T D V
i
i
i
Lswoff
=

|
.
|

\
|

= A
1
1
1
0
Nu D > 0,5: in th ra
ln hn in th vo.
Nu D < 0,5: in th ra
nh hn in th vo.
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
3. Mch bin i tng-gim p
33
Dng in trung bnh qua cun cm:
Dng in max v min qua cun cm:
Gi tr cc tiu cun cm:
dn sng ng ra:
2
2
2
0
) 1 (
1
D R
D V
RD V
D
D V
RD V
V
I
i
i
i
i
L

=
|
.
|

\
|

= =
( )
L
DT V
R D
D V i
I I
i i
swon
L
L
2
1
2
2
max
+

= |
.
|

\
|
A
+ =
( ) L
DT V
R D
D V i
I I
i i
swoff
L
L
2 1 2
2 min

=
|
.
|

\
|
A
=
( )
( ) ( )
f
R D
L
R D
Lf
2
1
2
1
2
min
2
min

=
RCf
D V
RC
DT V
V
0 0
0
= = A
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
3. Mch bin i tng-gim p
34
4. B chuyn i Cuk
S nguyn l

Chc nng cc linh kin: S, L1, L2, C1,
C2, D1, R.
Cc gi thit khi phn gii:

+
-
Vs
C1
L2 L1
R
S
C2 D1
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
35
4. B chuyn i Cuk
Ch ON
Ta c cc mch tng ng khi S ng nh hnh
in th trung bnh ca t C
1
c tnh theo nh
lut Kirchhoff v in th
Tr s in th trung bnh qua cun cm bng khng
ch thng trc
R
C2
L1
S
iC1=-iL2
+
-
Vs
L2
D1
0 1
V V V
i c
=
( )
2 1 L
swon
c
I i =
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
36
D1
L1
R
iC1=iL1
S
+
-
Vs
L2
C2
Ta c cc mch tng ng khi S ng nh hnh
in th trung bnh ca t C
1
c tnh theo nh
lut Kirchhoff v in th.
Tr s in th trung bnh qua cun cm bng khng
ch thng trc.
0 1
V V V
i c
=
( )
1 1 L
swoff
c
I i =
4. B chuyn i Cuk
Ch OFF
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
37
Cng sut hp th ca ti bng vi cng sut
cp in:
Nu D > 0,5: in th
ra ln hn in th vo.
Nu D < 0,5: in th
ra nh hn in th vo.
( ) | | ( ) | |( ) 0 1
1 1
= + T D i DT i
swoff c swon c
( )
D
D
I
I
T D I DT I
L
L
L L

= = +
1
0 1
2
1
1 2
i L
L
L L i i
V
V
I
I
I V I V P P
0
2
1
2 0 1 0

= = =
|
.
|

\
|

=
D
D
V V
i
1
0
4. B chuyn i Cuk
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
38
Lu rng cc linh kin L
2
, C
2
v R c cng cu
hnh nh b chuyn i h th v dng qua cun
cm c cng dng vi b chuyn i h th. Do ,
dn sng hoc s thay i trong in th ra
cng s bng vi ca b chuyn i h th. :
dn sng ng ra C
1
:
2
2 2 0
0
8
1
f C L
D
V
V
=
A
( ) HAY
D
D
f RC
V
T D
C
I
dt I
C
v
i L
T
DT
L c
|
|
.
|

\
|

= = ~ A
}
1
1
1
2
1 1
1
1
1
1
f RC
D V
v
c
1
0
1
~ A
4. B chuyn i Cuk
CC B BIN I DNG LIN TC
39
CC B BIN I DNG KHNG LIN TC
S tng gim ca dng qua cun cm c th tnh
bng cch xem in th cun cm khi bt S ng:
in th qua L
2
khi bt S ng:
Vi dng lin tc trong cun cm, dng trung
bnh phi ln hn 1/2 s thay i trong dng. Ta c
tr s cc tiu ca cc cun cm:
4. B chuyn i Cuk:
dt
di
L V v
L
i L
1
1 1
= =
f L
D V
L
DT V
i
L
V
DT
i
i i
L
i L
1 1
1
1
1
= = A =
A
( )
dt
di
L V V V V v
L
i i L
2
2 0 0 2
= = + =
Dng in i
L2
l:
f L
D V
L
DT V
i
i i
L
2 2
2
= = A
( )
Df
R D
L
2
1
2
min , 1

=
( )
f
R D
L
2
1
min , 2

=
40
BIN I DC
DNG KHNG LIN
TC