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Pendahuluan
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) adalah salah satu penyakit gastrointestinal fungsional yang ditandai oleh adanya nyeri perut, distensi dan gangguan pola defekasi tanpa gangguan organik
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (2001) melaporkan 20% dari penduduk Amerika mengalami IBS Prevalensi IBS lebih banyak terjadi pada usia dewasa muda dan lanjut, perempuan dua kali lebih banyak daripada laki-laki IBS menghabiskan biaya kesehatan sebesar 8 juta $ US setiap tahunnya
Etiologi
Penelitian Brain-gut response to stress and cholinergic stimulation in IBS dipublikasikan oleh the Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology (1993)
Gejala yg sering didapat pada penderita IBS yaitu : - Feses cair pada saat nyeri - Frekuensi BAB bertambah pada saat nyeri - Nyeri berkurang setelah BAB - Tampak distensi abdomen
Dua gejala tambahan yang sering muncul pada pasien IBS : - Lendir saat BAB - Perasaan tidak lampias saat BAB
Recurrent abdominal pain or discomfort** at least 3 days/month in the last 3 months associated with two or more of the following: . Improvement with defecation . Onset associated with a change in frequency of stool
Diferensial Diagnosis
Sign or symptoms
Alarm factors, Anemia
Chronic severe diarrhea Family history of colon cancer Hematochezia, melena, or other signs of intestinal bleeding Recurrent fever Weight loss Travel to areas with parasitic diseases
Suggested diagnosis
Cancer, IBD
Cancer, infection, IBD Cancer Cancer, arteriovenous malformation, colonic polyps, IBD Infection, IBD Cancer, IBD Infection
Cancer
Tatalaksana
Diet
Psikoterapi Medikamentosa
Points to Remember
IBS is a disorder that interferes with the normal functions of the colon. The symptoms are crampy abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, and diarrhea. IBS is a common disorder found more often in women than men. People with IBS have colons that are more sensitive and reactive to things that might not bother other people, such as stress, large meals, gas, medicines, certain foods, caffeine, or alcohol. IBS is diagnosed by its signs and symptoms and by the absence of other diseases. Most people can control their symptoms by taking medicines such as laxatives, antidiarrhea medicines, antispasmodics, or antidepressants; reducing stress; and changing their diet. IBS does not harm the intestines and does not lead to cancer. It is not related to Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.
IBS by National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)