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Contents

What is Wi-Fi ? Wi-Fi standards. Elements. How it works ? Wi-Fi Configurations. Applications of Wi-Fi. Security. Advantage & Limitation.

What is Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi is an abbreviation for wireless fidelity. Wi-Fi wireless technology that uses radio

frequency to transmit data through the air. Wi-Fi is a generic term that refers to the IEEE 802.11 communication standard for local area networks (WLANS) Wi-Fi network connect computers to each other, to the internet and to the wireless network

Wi-Fi Standards
IEEE 802.11b (1999)
IEEE 802.11a (2001)

IEEE 802.11g (2003)

IEEE 802.11b
It operates in 2.4GHz frequency range. Limits to the no of access points in range of

each other. It having 1 to 11 MBPS speed, but realistically about 4 to 5 MBPS. It used direct sequence spread spectrum technology. It is having the rang of 100 to 300 feet indoor and 400 to 1500 outdoor.

IEEE 802.11 a
It operates in 5GHz frequency range.
Multiple channels can be configured faster

through put and more access point can allocated. It having 6 to 54 MBPS speed, but realistically about 27 MBPS. It used the frequency division multiplexing technology. It is having the rang of 40 to 300 feet indoor and 100 to 1000 outdoor.

IEEE 802.11g
it is extension of 802.11b, and short range

than 802.11b. Flexible because multiple channels can be combined for faster through put, but limited to one access point. It having 54 MBPS speed, but realistically about 20 to 25 MBPS.

Elements
Access points : It is a wireless LAND base

station that are connect one or many wireless devices simultaneously to the internet. Wi-Fi cards : That accept wireless signals and relay information. They can be internal and external. Safe guards: Firewalls and antivirus software protect networks from hacker users and keep information secure.

How a Wi-Fi Network Works


A Wi-Fi hotspot is created by installing an access point

to an internet connection. An access point acts as a base station. When Wi-Fi enabled device encounters a hotspot the device can then connect to that network wirelessly. A single access point can support up to 30 users and can function within a range of 100 150 feet indoors and up to 300 feet outdoors. Many access points can be connected to each other via Ethernet cables to create a single large network.

Wi-Fi Configurations

Wi-Fi Configurations

Wi-Fi Configurations

Wi-Fi Applications
Home
Small Businesses Large Campuses Health Care Wireless ISP

(WISP) Travellers

Wi-Fi Applications

Wi-Fi Security
Wireless technology doesnt remove

any old security issues, but introduces new ones Eavesdropping Man-in-the-middle attacks Denial of Servic

Eavesdropping
By default, everything is transmitted in clear

text Usernames, passwords, content ... No security offered by the transmission medium Different tools available on the internet Network sniffers, protocol analysers . . . Password collectors

MITM Attack
Attacker spoofes a

disassociate message from the victim The victim starts to look for a new access point, and the attacker advertises his own AP on a different channel, using the real APs MAC address The attacker connects to the real AP using victims MAC address

Advantages

Mobility Ease of Installation Flexibility Cost Reliability Security Speed

Limitations
Interference
Degradation in performance High power consumption Limited range

Presented By : Abhijit Chowdhury Roll No :50 E.C.E

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