HOMEWORK ( Nur Afiffah Bt. Jamal Nasir ) Explain 5 computer generations.

First Generation (1940-1956)

In 1946, Presper Eckert and William Mauchly build the ENIAC ( Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer ). It use vacuum tube instead of mechanical switches of the MARK 1. Vacuum tube was an extremely important of the advancement computers. It is an electronic tube about the size of light bulbs as the internal computer components.

Second Generation ( 1956-1963 )

The famous computer scientists were John Bardeen and William Shockley. The creation of transistor spark. Transistor was small devices use to transfer electronic signals across a resister. Advantages of transistor : o Consumed less energy o Generated much less heat o Faster and more reliable

Third Generation ( 1964-1971 )

The IBM 370 series were introduced in 1964. Other computer model were CDC 7600 and B2500. The development of integrated circuit ( IC ), signal the beginning of the third generation computers. It is a complete electronic circuit on a small chip of silicone. Advantages of integrated circuit : o Reliable,compact and cheaper o Sold hardware and software separately which created the software industry.

Fourth Generation ( 1971-Present )

There are many types of computer models such as : o Apple Macintosh o IBM o DELL o ACER In 1971, Intel created the first microprocessor. Steve Jobs built first Apple computer. Advantages of microprocessor : o Computer became 100 times smaller than ENIAC. o Gain in speed, reliablility and storage capacity o Personal and software industry boomed

Fifth Generation ( Present & Beyond )

This generation are technologically advance and still being development to become more efficient. The inventions of new hardware technology in the fifth generation have grown rapidly including many other modern computer devices such as : o Silicone chips o Processor o Robotics o Virtual reality o Intelligent systems o Programs which translate languages